Research Article
Year 2024,
Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 409 - 418, 28.03.2024
Abstract
AISI 316L paslanmaz çelik (SS), implant ve biyomalzeme üretiminde en yaygın kullanılan metalik biyomalzemelerden biridir. Muadil biyomateryallerle kıyaslandığında düşük maliyet, iyi mekanik özellik ve biyouyumluluk gibi avantajları mevcuttur. Gözenekli biyomalzemelerde bulunan gözenekler mekanik bir kenetlenme sağlayarak implantın dokuya güçlü bir şekilde tutunmasını sağlar. Bu çalışmada gözenekli SS implant elde etmek için 316L alaşım tozu içerisine hacimce %20, %30 ve %40 oranında polivinil alkol (PVA) ve Bor ilave edildi. Paslanmaz çelik implant malzemesi üzerinde gözeneklilik ve bor etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla PVA ve Bor katkılı gruplarda üretilen numuneler, 1180 ᵒC' de argon atmosferi altında sinterlenmiştir. Yapıdaki PVA' nın buharlaştırılmasıyla iki grup halinde gözenekli ve bor katkılı numuneler elde edildi. Son olarak numuneler Brinell sertlik ve basma testlerine tabi tutularak SEM, EDS ve XRD analizleri yapıldı. Sertlik testleri sonucunda en yüksek değerler 37.006, 31.32, 25.28 HB olarak ölçülmüştür. Basma dayanımı ise %20, %30 ve %40 gözenekli numuneler için sırasıyla 39.5, 34.5, 26.2 MPa olarak ölçülmüştür.
References
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Effects of Porosity and Boron Reinforcement in AISI 316L Stainless Steel for Biomedical Applications
Abstract
AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) is one of the most widely used biomaterials in the manufacture of implants and biomaterials. It has advantages over equivalent biomaterials such as low cost, good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The pores found in porous biomaterials provide mechanical interlock, ensuring strong attachment of the implant to the tissue. In this study, 20%, 30% and 40% by volume of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Boron powder were added into 316L powder to obtain porous SS implant. To investigate the effect of porosity and boron effect on the stainless-steel implant material, the samples produced in PVA and Boron added groups, were sintered at 1180 oC under an argon atmosphere. With the evaporation of PVA in the structure, porous and boron added samples were obtained in two groups. Finally, the samples were subjected to Brinell hardness and compression tests and analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. As a result of the hardness tests, the highest values were measured as 37.006, 31.32, 25.28 HB. 39.5, 34.5, 26.2 MPa strengths were measured for 20%, 30% and 40% porous samples respectively.
References
- Manivasagam G, Dhinasekaran D, Rajamanickam A. “Biomedical Implants: Corrosion and its Prevention - A Review,” Recent Patents Corros. Sci., 2010; vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 40–54.
- Luthringer BJC, Feyerabend F, Willumeit-Römer R. “Magnesium-based implants: a mini-review,” Magnes. Res., 2014; vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 142–54.
- Ali S et al. “Biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of metallic biomaterials,” Corros. Rev., 2020; vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 381–402.
- Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK. “Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants - A review,” Prog. Mater. Sci., 2009; vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 397–425.
- Kang CW, Fang FZ. “State of the art of bioimplants manufacturing: part II,” Adv. Manuf. 2018 62, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 137–154.
- Al-Amin M et al. “Investigation of Coatings, Corrosion and Wear Characteristics of Machined Biomaterials through Hydroxyapatite Mixed-EDM Process: A Review,” Mater. 2021, Vol. 14, Page 3597, vol. 14, no. 13, p. 3597.
- Mahapatro A. “Metals for biomedical applications and devices,” J. Biomater. Tissue Eng., 2012; vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 259–268.
- Okazaki Y. “Selection of metals for biomedical devices,” Met. Biomed., 2019; Devices, pp. 31–94.
- Patnaik L, Maity SR, Kumar S. “Status of nickel free stainless steel in biomedical field: A review of last 10 years and what else can be done,” Mater. Today Proc., 2019; vol. 26, pp. 638–643.
- Gabilondo M, Cearsolo X, Arrue M, Castro F. “Influence of Build Orientation, Chamber Temperature and Infill Pattern on Mechanical Properties of 316L Parts Manufactured by Bound Metal Deposition,” Mater. 2022, Vol. 15, Page 1183, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 1183.
- Motallebzadeh A, Peighambardoust NS, Sheikh S, Murakami H, Guo S, Canadinc D. “Microstructural, mechanical and electrochemical characterization of TiZrTaHfNb and Ti1.5ZrTa0.5Hf0.5Nb0.5 refractory high-entropy alloys for biomedical applications,” Intermetallics, 2019; vol. 113, p. 106572.
- Essa K, Jamshidi P, Zou J, Attallah MM, Hassanin H. “Porosity control in 316L stainless steel using cold and hot isostatic pressing,” Mater. Des., 2018; vol. 138, pp. 21–29.
- Ali S et al. “The Influence of Nitrogen Absorption on Microstructure, Properties and Cytotoxicity Assessment of 316L Stainless Steel Alloy Reinforced with Boron and Niobium,” Process. 2019, Vol. 7, Page 506, vol. 7, no. 8, p. 506.
- Hamidi MFA et al. “A review of biocompatible metal injection moulding process parameters for biomedical applications,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C. Mater. Biol. Appl., 2017; vol. 78, pp. 1263–1276.
- Talha M., Behera CK, Sinha OP. “A review on nickel-free nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels for biomedical applications,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2013; vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 3563–3575.
- Molinari A, Kazior J, Marchetti F, Canteri R, Cristofolini I, Tiziani A. “Sintering Mechanisms of Boron Alloyed AISI 316L Stainless Steel,” vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 115–122, Jan. 2013.
- Molinari A, Kazior J, Straffelini G. “Investigation of liquid-phase sintering by image analysis,” Mater. Charact., 1995; vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 271–276.
- Menapace C, Molinari A, Kazior J, Pieczonka T. “Surface self-densification in boron alloyed austenitic stainless steel and its effect on corrosion and impact resistance,” vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 326–335, Dec. 2013.
- Uzunsoy D. “Investigation of dry sliding wear properties of boron doped powder metallurgy 316L stainless steel,” Mater. Des., 2010; vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 3896–3900.
- Gülsoy HÖ, “Production of injection moulded 316L stainless steels reinforced with TiC(N) particles,” vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 1484–1491, Dec. 2013.
- Ali S, Rani AMA, Altaf K, Baig Z. “Investigation of Boron addition and compaction pressure on the compactibility, densification and microhardness of 316L Stainless Steel,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018; vol. 344, no. 1.
- Choy MT, Tang CY, Chen , Wong CT, Tsui P. “In vitro and in vivo performance of bioactive Ti6Al4V/TiC/HA implants fabricated by a rapid microwave sintering technique,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2014; vol. 42, pp. 746–756.
- Aslan N, Aksakal B. “Effect of graphene reinforcement on hybrid bioceramic coating deposited on the produced porous Ti64 alloys,” J. Porous Mater., 2021; vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1301–1313.
- Aslan N, Aksakal B, Findik F. “Fabrication of porous-Ti6Al4V alloy by using hot pressing technique and Mg space holder for hard-tissue biomedical applications,” J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 2021; vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 1–11.
- Topuz M, Dikici B, Gavgalı M. “Challenges in the Production of Titanium–based Scaffolds Bio–functionalized with Hydroxyapatite by Powder Metallurgy Technique,” Avrupa Bilim ve Teknol. Derg., 2021; vol. 28, no. 28, pp. 46–51.
- Sulima I, Jaworska L, Karwan-Baczewska J. “Effect of boron sinteraid on the microstructure and properties of austenitic stainless Steel TiB2 composites,” Arch. Metall. Mater., 2015; vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 2619–2624.
- Lozada L, Castro F. “Controlled densification of boron-containing stainless steels,” 2011.
- Skałoń M, Kazior J. “Enhanced sintering of austenitic stainless steel powder aisi 316L through boron containig master alloy addition,” Arch. Metall. Mater., 2012; vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 789–797.
- Tran BH, Tieu K, Wan S, Zhu H, Cui S, Wang L. “Understanding the tribological impacts of alkali element on lubrication of binary borate melt,” RSC Adv., 2018; vol. 8, no. 51, pp. 28847–28860.
- Balci S, Sezgi NA, Eren E. “Boron Oxide Production Kinetics Using Boric Acid as Raw Material,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2012; vol. 51, no. 34, pp. 11091–11096.
- Spadaro F, Rossi A, Lainé E, Hartley J, Spencer ND. “Mechanical and tribological properties of boron oxide and zinc borate glasses,” Phys. Chem. Glas. Eur. J. Glas. Sci. Technol. Part B, 2016; vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 233–244.
- Serafini FL et al. “Microstructure and mechanical behavior of 316L liquid phase sintered stainless steel with boron addition,” Mater. Charact., 2019; vol. 152, pp. 253–264.
- Peruzzo M, Serafini FL, Ordoñez MF, Souza RM, Farias MCM. “Reciprocating sliding wear of the sintered 316L stainless steel with boron additions,” Wear, 2019; vol. 422–423, pp. 108–118.
- Dewidar MM, Khalil KA, Lim JK. “Processing and mechanical properties of porous 316L stainless steel for biomedical applications,” Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2007; vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 468–473.
There are 34 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Mechanical Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | MBD |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 28, 2024 |
| Submission Date | November 6, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | March 22, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 |
