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Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 63 - 72, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1078400

Abstract

Reactivity Controlled Compression-Ignition (RCCI) concept presents a great potential to reduce both NOx and soot emissions from conventional diesel engines with improved thermal efficiency. Therefore, in this work, a single-cylinder diesel engine with CRDI was operated on RCCI mode. To investigate the effect of RCCI mode on engine performance and emissions, gasoline was injected into the port as LRF, while diesel was injected directly into the cylinder as HRF. Premixed ratio of low reactivity fuel was varied from 0% (conventional diesel mode, CDM) to 60% with 15% intervals as energy ratio given to engine per cycle. Engine load was also studied from 20% to 60% of max. engine torque with 20% intervals to stimulate low, mid and mid-high load conditions. Experimental results showed that with increase of Rp, unburned HC and CO emissions increased while smoke opacity decreased significantly (up to about 95% in case of 0.60 Rp and 60% engine load) in gasoline/diesel RCCI compared to CDM. Though NOx emissions decreased at low engine loads with RCCI strategy, they started to increase with increase of Rp at high loads.

Supporting Institution

Tubitak

Project Number

118M650

Thanks

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) is greatly acknowledgment for financial support with project numbered 118M650.

References

  • Altun Ş, Rodríguez‐Fernández J., “Biofuels derived from Turkish industry wastes-study of performance and emissions in a diesel engine”, Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 35, 847-852, 2016.
  • Altun Ş., “Emissions from a Diesel Power Generator Fuelled with Biodiesel and Fossil Diesel Fuels”, Energy and Environment, 26, 563-571, 2015.
  • Can Ö, Öztürk E, Arcaklıoğlu E., “Artificial neural network based determination of the performance and emissions of a Diesel engine using ethanol-diesel fuel blends”, International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology, 5, 43-51, 2021.
  • Lapuerta M, Hernández JJ, Oliva F., “Strategies for active diesel particulate filter regeneration based on late injection and exhaust recirculation with different fuels”, Int J Engine Res, 15, 209–221, 2014.
  • Reşitoğlu İA, Altinişik K, Keskin A., “The pollutant emissions from diesel-engine vehicles and exhaust aftertreatment systems”, Clean Techn Environ Policy, 17, 15–27, 2015.
  • Carlucci AP, Laforgi D, Motz S, et al., “Advanced closed loop combustion control of a LTC diesel engine based on in-cylinder pressure signals”, Energy Conversion and Management, 77, 193-207, 2014.
  • Reitz RD, Duraisamy G., “Review of high efficiency and clean reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion in internal combustion engines”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 46, 12-71, 2016.
  • Reitz RD., “Directions in internal combustion engine research”, Combustion and Flame, 160, 1–8, 2013.
  • Li J, Yang W, Zhou D., “Review on the management of RCCI engines”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 65-79, 2017.
  • Kavuri C, Paz J, Kokjohn SL., “A comparison of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) and Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) strategies at high load, low speed conditions”, Energy Conversion and Management, 127, 324-341, 2016.
  • Salahi MM, Esfahanian V, Gharehghani A. et al., “Investigating the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion strategy in a natural gas/diesel fueled engine with a pre-chamber”, Energy Conversion and Management, 132, 40-53, 2017.
  • Kokjohn SL, Hanson RM, Splitter DA, et al., “Fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI): A pathway to controlled high-efficiency clean combustion”, Int J Engine Res 12, 209–226, 2011.
  • Wang Y, Yao M, Li T, et al., “A parametric study for enabling reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) operation in diesel engines at various engine loads”, Applied Energy, 175, 389-402, 2016.
  • Li J, Yang WM, An H, et al., “Numerical investigation on the effect of reactivity gradient in an RCCI engine fuelled with gasoline and diesel”, Energy Conversion and Management, 92, 342-352, 2015.
  • Curran SJ, Hanson RM, Wagner RM., “Reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion on a multi-cylinder light-duty diesel engine”, Int J Engine Res, 13, 216–225, 2012.
  • Li Y, Jia M, Chang Y, et al., “Towards a comprehensive understanding of the influence of fuel properties on the combustion characteristics of a RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) engine”, Energy, 99, 69–82, 2016.
  • Dempsey AB, Walker NR, Gingrich E, et al., “Comparison of low temperature combustion strategies for advanced compression ignition engines with a focus on controllability”, Combust Sci Technol, 186, 210–241, 2014.
  • Wang H, DelVescovo D, Yao M, et al., “Numerical Study of RCCI and HCCI Combustion Processes Using Gasoline, Diesel, iso -Butanol and DTBP Cetane Improver”, SAE Technical Paper, 01-0850, 2015.
  • Tong L, Wang H, Zheng Z, et al. Yao M., “Experimental study of RCCI combustion and load extension in a compression ignition engine fueled with gasoline and PODE”, Fuel 181, 878–886, 2016.
  • Molina S, García A, Pastor JM, et al., “Operating range extension of RCCI combustion concept from low to full load in a heavy-duty engine”, Applied Energy, 143, 211–227, 2015.
  • Benajes J, Pastor J, Garcia A, et al., “A RCCI operational limits assessment in a medium duty compression ignition engine using an adapted compression ratio”, Energy Conversion and Management, 126, 497-508, 2016.
  • Ma S, Zheng Z, Liu H, et al., “Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel injection strategy on gasoline/diesel dual-fuel combustion”, Applied Energy, 109, 202-212, 2013.
  • He Z, Li J, Mao Y, et al., “A comprehensive study of fuel reactivity on reactivity controlled compression ignition engine: Based on gasoline and diesel surrogates”, Fuel 255, 115822, 2019.
  • Benajes J, García A, Monsalve-Serrano J, et al., “Benefits of E85 versus gasoline as low reactivity fuel for an automotive diesel engine operating in reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion mode”, Energy Conversion and Management, 159, 85–95, 2018.
  • Man XJ, Cheung CS, Ning Z, et al., “Influence of engine load and speed on regulated and unregulated emissions of a diesel engine fueled with diesel fuel blended with waste cooking oil biodiesel”, Fuel, 180, 41-49, 2016.
  • Benajes J, García A, Pastor JM, et al., “Effects of piston bowl geometry on reactivity controlled compression ignition heat transfer and combustion losses at different engine loads”, Energy, 98, 64–77, 2016.
  • Can Ö, Çınar C, Şahin F., “The Investigation of the Effects of Premixed Gasoline Charge On HCCI-DI Engine Combustion and Exhaust Emissions”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ., 24, 229-236, 2009.
  • Han J, Somers LMT, Cracknell R, et al., “Experimental investigation of ethanol/diesel dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine”, Fuel, 275, 117867, 2020.
  • Singh TS, Rajak U, Dasore A, Muthukumar M, Verma TN., “Performance and ecological parameters of a diesel engine fueled with diesel and plastic pyrolyzed oil (PPO) at variable working parameters”, Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101491, 2021.
  • Okcu M, Fırat, M, Varol Y, Altun Ş, Kamışlı F, Atila O., “Combustion of high carbon (C7-C8) alcohol fuels in a reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine as low reactivity fuels and ANN approach to predict RCCI emissions”, Fuel, 319, 123735, 2022.
  • Elumalai PV, Pradeepkumar AR, Murugan M, Saravanan A, Reddy MS, Sree SR, Meenakshi S., “Analysis of performance, combustion, and emission parameters in reactivity controlled combustion ignition (RCCI) engine–an intensive”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 1-25, 2022.
  • Singh AP, Kumar V, Agarwal AK., “Evaluation of comparative engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of low temperature combustion (PCCI and RCCI) modes”, Applied Energy, 278, 115644, 2020.
  • Wang L, Liu J, Ji Q, Sun P, Li J, Wei M, Liu S., “Experimental study on the high load extension of PODE/methanol RCCI combustion mode with optimized injection strategy”, Fuel 314, 122726, 2022.
  • Altun S, Oner C, Yasar F, Adin H., “Effect of n-butanol blending with a blend of diesel and biodiesel on performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine”, Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 50(15), 9425-9430, 2011.
Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 63 - 72, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1078400

Abstract

Project Number

118M650

References

  • Altun Ş, Rodríguez‐Fernández J., “Biofuels derived from Turkish industry wastes-study of performance and emissions in a diesel engine”, Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 35, 847-852, 2016.
  • Altun Ş., “Emissions from a Diesel Power Generator Fuelled with Biodiesel and Fossil Diesel Fuels”, Energy and Environment, 26, 563-571, 2015.
  • Can Ö, Öztürk E, Arcaklıoğlu E., “Artificial neural network based determination of the performance and emissions of a Diesel engine using ethanol-diesel fuel blends”, International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology, 5, 43-51, 2021.
  • Lapuerta M, Hernández JJ, Oliva F., “Strategies for active diesel particulate filter regeneration based on late injection and exhaust recirculation with different fuels”, Int J Engine Res, 15, 209–221, 2014.
  • Reşitoğlu İA, Altinişik K, Keskin A., “The pollutant emissions from diesel-engine vehicles and exhaust aftertreatment systems”, Clean Techn Environ Policy, 17, 15–27, 2015.
  • Carlucci AP, Laforgi D, Motz S, et al., “Advanced closed loop combustion control of a LTC diesel engine based on in-cylinder pressure signals”, Energy Conversion and Management, 77, 193-207, 2014.
  • Reitz RD, Duraisamy G., “Review of high efficiency and clean reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion in internal combustion engines”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 46, 12-71, 2016.
  • Reitz RD., “Directions in internal combustion engine research”, Combustion and Flame, 160, 1–8, 2013.
  • Li J, Yang W, Zhou D., “Review on the management of RCCI engines”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 65-79, 2017.
  • Kavuri C, Paz J, Kokjohn SL., “A comparison of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) and Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) strategies at high load, low speed conditions”, Energy Conversion and Management, 127, 324-341, 2016.
  • Salahi MM, Esfahanian V, Gharehghani A. et al., “Investigating the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion strategy in a natural gas/diesel fueled engine with a pre-chamber”, Energy Conversion and Management, 132, 40-53, 2017.
  • Kokjohn SL, Hanson RM, Splitter DA, et al., “Fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI): A pathway to controlled high-efficiency clean combustion”, Int J Engine Res 12, 209–226, 2011.
  • Wang Y, Yao M, Li T, et al., “A parametric study for enabling reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) operation in diesel engines at various engine loads”, Applied Energy, 175, 389-402, 2016.
  • Li J, Yang WM, An H, et al., “Numerical investigation on the effect of reactivity gradient in an RCCI engine fuelled with gasoline and diesel”, Energy Conversion and Management, 92, 342-352, 2015.
  • Curran SJ, Hanson RM, Wagner RM., “Reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion on a multi-cylinder light-duty diesel engine”, Int J Engine Res, 13, 216–225, 2012.
  • Li Y, Jia M, Chang Y, et al., “Towards a comprehensive understanding of the influence of fuel properties on the combustion characteristics of a RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) engine”, Energy, 99, 69–82, 2016.
  • Dempsey AB, Walker NR, Gingrich E, et al., “Comparison of low temperature combustion strategies for advanced compression ignition engines with a focus on controllability”, Combust Sci Technol, 186, 210–241, 2014.
  • Wang H, DelVescovo D, Yao M, et al., “Numerical Study of RCCI and HCCI Combustion Processes Using Gasoline, Diesel, iso -Butanol and DTBP Cetane Improver”, SAE Technical Paper, 01-0850, 2015.
  • Tong L, Wang H, Zheng Z, et al. Yao M., “Experimental study of RCCI combustion and load extension in a compression ignition engine fueled with gasoline and PODE”, Fuel 181, 878–886, 2016.
  • Molina S, García A, Pastor JM, et al., “Operating range extension of RCCI combustion concept from low to full load in a heavy-duty engine”, Applied Energy, 143, 211–227, 2015.
  • Benajes J, Pastor J, Garcia A, et al., “A RCCI operational limits assessment in a medium duty compression ignition engine using an adapted compression ratio”, Energy Conversion and Management, 126, 497-508, 2016.
  • Ma S, Zheng Z, Liu H, et al., “Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel injection strategy on gasoline/diesel dual-fuel combustion”, Applied Energy, 109, 202-212, 2013.
  • He Z, Li J, Mao Y, et al., “A comprehensive study of fuel reactivity on reactivity controlled compression ignition engine: Based on gasoline and diesel surrogates”, Fuel 255, 115822, 2019.
  • Benajes J, García A, Monsalve-Serrano J, et al., “Benefits of E85 versus gasoline as low reactivity fuel for an automotive diesel engine operating in reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion mode”, Energy Conversion and Management, 159, 85–95, 2018.
  • Man XJ, Cheung CS, Ning Z, et al., “Influence of engine load and speed on regulated and unregulated emissions of a diesel engine fueled with diesel fuel blended with waste cooking oil biodiesel”, Fuel, 180, 41-49, 2016.
  • Benajes J, García A, Pastor JM, et al., “Effects of piston bowl geometry on reactivity controlled compression ignition heat transfer and combustion losses at different engine loads”, Energy, 98, 64–77, 2016.
  • Can Ö, Çınar C, Şahin F., “The Investigation of the Effects of Premixed Gasoline Charge On HCCI-DI Engine Combustion and Exhaust Emissions”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ., 24, 229-236, 2009.
  • Han J, Somers LMT, Cracknell R, et al., “Experimental investigation of ethanol/diesel dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine”, Fuel, 275, 117867, 2020.
  • Singh TS, Rajak U, Dasore A, Muthukumar M, Verma TN., “Performance and ecological parameters of a diesel engine fueled with diesel and plastic pyrolyzed oil (PPO) at variable working parameters”, Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101491, 2021.
  • Okcu M, Fırat, M, Varol Y, Altun Ş, Kamışlı F, Atila O., “Combustion of high carbon (C7-C8) alcohol fuels in a reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine as low reactivity fuels and ANN approach to predict RCCI emissions”, Fuel, 319, 123735, 2022.
  • Elumalai PV, Pradeepkumar AR, Murugan M, Saravanan A, Reddy MS, Sree SR, Meenakshi S., “Analysis of performance, combustion, and emission parameters in reactivity controlled combustion ignition (RCCI) engine–an intensive”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 1-25, 2022.
  • Singh AP, Kumar V, Agarwal AK., “Evaluation of comparative engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of low temperature combustion (PCCI and RCCI) modes”, Applied Energy, 278, 115644, 2020.
  • Wang L, Liu J, Ji Q, Sun P, Li J, Wei M, Liu S., “Experimental study on the high load extension of PODE/methanol RCCI combustion mode with optimized injection strategy”, Fuel 314, 122726, 2022.
  • Altun S, Oner C, Yasar F, Adin H., “Effect of n-butanol blending with a blend of diesel and biodiesel on performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine”, Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 50(15), 9425-9430, 2011.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Article
Authors

Müjdat Fırat 0000-0001-6978-9044

Şehmus Altun 0000-0002-9017-2986

Mutlu Okcu 0000-0002-8226-0994

Yasin Varol 0000-0003-2989-7125

Melih Şafak Şenocak 0000-0003-0602-2836

Project Number 118M650
Publication Date July 1, 2022
Submission Date February 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Fırat, M., Altun, Ş., Okcu, M., Varol, Y., et al. (2022). Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 11(2), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1078400
AMA Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y, Şenocak MŞ. Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. July 2022;11(2):63-72. doi:10.18245/ijaet.1078400
Chicago Fırat, Müjdat, Şehmus Altun, Mutlu Okcu, Yasin Varol, and Melih Şafak Şenocak. “Experimental Study on Reduction of Pollutant Emissions in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Engine Fueled With diesel/Gasoline Fuels”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11, no. 2 (July 2022): 63-72. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1078400.
EndNote Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y, Şenocak MŞ (July 1, 2022) Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11 2 63–72.
IEEE M. Fırat, Ş. Altun, M. Okcu, Y. Varol, and M. Ş. Şenocak, “Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels”, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 63–72, 2022, doi: 10.18245/ijaet.1078400.
ISNAD Fırat, Müjdat et al. “Experimental Study on Reduction of Pollutant Emissions in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Engine Fueled With diesel/Gasoline Fuels”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11/2 (July 2022), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1078400.
JAMA Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y, Şenocak MŞ. Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2022;11:63–72.
MLA Fırat, Müjdat et al. “Experimental Study on Reduction of Pollutant Emissions in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Engine Fueled With diesel/Gasoline Fuels”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 11, no. 2, 2022, pp. 63-72, doi:10.18245/ijaet.1078400.
Vancouver Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y, Şenocak MŞ. Experimental study on reduction of pollutant emissions in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with diesel/gasoline fuels. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2022;11(2):63-72.