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Effect of sport massage on pressure pain threshold and tolerance in athletes under eccentric exercise

Year 2014, Volume 2 (Special Issue 2), 136 - 146, 19.02.2015
https://doi.org/10.14486/IJSCS185

Abstract

Extensive line of evidence suggest that pain threshold and tolerance alters following exercise, although the mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. In this study, we investigated the role of sport massage on pressure pain threshold and tolerance in athletes under eccentric exercise. Ten male athletes aged 23 ± 1 years with 9.67 ± 3.04 years of athletic training were recruited for this study. Following baseline measurements of pressure pain threshold and tolerance from m. biceps brachii and m. triceps brachii muscle and myofascial regions of the dominant upper extremity by using a digital algometer, subjects were underwent an acute bout of eccentric exercise. Participants were completed 4 sets of eccentric exercise each comprising 20 repetitions of lifting 80% of their 1 RM by using a dumbbell. Pressure pain threshold and tolerance tests were repeated 10, 20 and 30 minutes, and 24 and 48 hours following exercise. One week after eccentric exercise, sport massage protocol for 10 minutes was manually administered to the dominant arm immediately after exercise, and all measurements were repeated at the same timeline as eccentric exercise. Results are presented as mean + standart deviation. Data of the same timeline were analyzed by using t test.  A level of p<0.05 was accepted statistical significant. Eccentric exercise resulted to increase the pain tolerance from muscle and myofascia regions of m. biceps and triceps brachii, and sport massage was found to decrease the pain tolerance at 10 minutes from muscle regions of m. biceps and triceps brachii, 10, 20 and 30 minutes from myofascial region of biceps brachii, and 20 minutes, 24 and 48 hours from myofascial region of m. triceps brachii following acute bout of eccentric exercise in athletes. We concluded that sport massage reduces the hypoalgesic response during acute and delayed period of recovery after eccentric exercise.

References

  • Agren G, Lundeberg T, Uvnas-Moberg K, Sato A (1995). The oxytocin antagonist 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr-(Oet)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin reverses the increase in the withdrawal response latency to thermal, but not mechanical nociceptive stimuli following oxytocin administration or massage-like stroking in rats. Neuroscience Letters, 187: 49–52.
  • Ambriz-Tututi M, Rocha-González HI, Cruz SL, Granados-Soto V (2000). Melatonin: a hormone that modulates pain. Life Sciences, 10: 489-98.
  • Andersen H, Arendt-Nielsen L, Danneskiold-Samsøe B, Graven-Nielsen T (2006). Pressure pain sensitivity and hardness along human normal and sensitized muscle. Somatosensory and Motor Research, 23(3-4): 97-109.
  • Baker SJ, Kelly NM, Eston RG (1997). Pressure pain tolerance at different sites on the quadriceps femoris prior to and following eccentric exercise.European Journal of Pain, 1(3): 229-33.
  • Clarkson PM, Sayers SP (1999). Etiology of exercise-induced muscle damage. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 24(3): 234–248.
  • Clarkson PM, Tremblay I (1988). Exercise-induced muscle damage, repair, and adaptation in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 65(1): 1–6.
  • Cook D, Koltyn K (2000). Pain and exercise. International Journal of Sports Psychology. 31: 256–277.
  • Denegar CR, Perrin DH, Rogol AD & Rutt R (1989). Influence of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain, range of motion, and serum cortisol concentration in females experiencing delayed onset muscle soreness. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, II: 100-I03.
  • DeWall CN & Baumeister RF (2006). Alone but feeling no pain: Effects of social exclusion on physical pain tolerance and pain threshold, affective forecasting, and interpersonal empathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91: 1-15.
  • Ernst E (1998). Does post-exercise massage treatment reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness? A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 32: 212–214.
  • Franklin ME, Currier DP & Franklin RC (1991). The effect of one session of muscle soreness-inducing weight lifting exercise on WBC count, serum creatine kinase, and plasma volume. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 13: 316-321.
  • Frey Law LA, Evans S, Knudtson J, Nus S, Scholl K, Sluka KA (2008). Massage reduces pain perception and hyperalgesia in experimental muscle pain: a randomized, controlled trial.Journal of Pain, 9(8): 714-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.03.009.
  • Friden J & Lieber RL (1992). Structural and mechanical basis of exercise-induced muscle injury. Medicine &Science in Sports & Exercise, 24: 521-30.
  • Ge Y, Lundeberg T, Yu LC (2002). Blockade effect of mu and kappa opioid antagonists on the anti-nociception induced by intra-periaqueductal grey injection of oxytocin in rats.Brain Research, 15;927(2): 204-7.
  • High DM, Howley ET & Franks BD (1989). The effects of static stretching and warmup on prevention of delayed-onset muscle soreness. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60: 357-361.
  • Isabell WK, Durrant E, Myrer W & Anderson S (1992). The effects of ice massage, ice massage with exercise, and exercise on the prevention and treatment of delayed onset muscle soreness. Journal of Athletic Training, 27: 208-217.
  • Kaada B, Torsteinbø O (1989). Increase of plasma beta-endorphins in connective tissue massage.General Pharmacology,20(4): 487-9.
  • Kilic M, Ulusoy O, Cırrık S, Hindistan IE, Ozkaya YG (2014). Effect of exercise intensity on cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 concentration during recovery from exhaustive exercise in rats. Acta Physiologica Hungarica, 101: 21-31.
  • Koltyn K (2000). Analgesia following exercise. Sports Medicine, 29: 85-98.
  • Lund I, Ge Y, Yu LC, Uvnas-Moberg K, Wang J, Yu C, Kurosawa M, Agren G, Rosen A, Lekman M, Lundeberg T (2002). Repeated massage-like stimulation induces long-term effects on nociception: Contribution of oxytocinergic mechanisms. European Journal of Neuroscience, 16: 330–338
  • Mishra DK, Friden J, Schmitz MC & Leiber RL (1995). Anti-inflammatory medication after muscle injury. A treatment resulting in short -term improvement but subsequent loss of muscle function. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 77: 1510-9.
  • Orbach I, Mikulincer M, King R, Cohen D& Stein D (1997). Thresholds and tolerance of physical pain in suicidal and nonsuicidal patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65: 646-652.
  • Ozdemir O, Ozdem S, Ozkaya YG (2013). Melatonin administration does not alter muscle glycogen concentration during recovery from exhaustive exercise in rats. European Journal of Sport Science. 13: 174-182.
  • Ozkaya MS, Aksoy-Gundogdu A, Seyran M, Hindistan IE, Pamuk O, Ozkaya YG (2014). Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on pain threshold in exercise trained rats under light-induced functional pinealectomy. Biol Rhythm Res. 2014. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2014.923619.
  • Pi-Sunyer FX (2000). Obesity: criteria and classification. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 59(4): 505-9.
  • Robertson A, Watt JM, Galloway SD (2004). Effects of leg massage on recovery from high intensity cycling exercise. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38: 173–176.
  • Sargeant AJ, Dolan P (1987). Human muscle function following prolonged eccentric exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology & Occupational Physiology, 56: 704-11.
  • Saxton JM, Clarkson PM, James R, Miles M, Westerfer M, Clark S & Donnelly AE (1995). Neuromuscular dysfunction following eccentric exercise. Medicine &Science in Sports & Exercise, 27: 1185-93.
  • Serinken MA, Gençoğlu C, Kayatekin BM (2013). Delayed-onset muscle soreness and wheelchair basketball performance. Balkan Medical Journal, 30: 382-6.
  • Smith LL, Keating MN, Holbert D, Spratt DJ, McCammon MR, Smith SS & Israel R G (1994). The effects of athletic massage on delayed onset muscle soreness, creatine kinase, and neutrophil count: a preliminary report. Journal of Orthopaedic &Sports Physical Therapy, 19: 93-9.
  • Stauber WT, Clarkson PM, Fritz VK & Evans WJ (1990). Extracellular matrix disruption and pain after eccentric muscle action. Journal of Applied Physiology, 69: 868-74.
  • Tesarz J, Schuster AK, Hartmann M, Gerhardt A, Eich W (2012). Pain perception in athletes compared to normally active controls: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Pain, 153:1253–1262..
  • Tiidus PM (1997). Manual massage and recovery of muscle function following exercise: a literature review. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 25: 107–112.
  • Tiidus PM (1999). Massage and ultrasound as therapeutic modalities in exercise-induced muscle damage. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 24: 267–278.
  • Yang J (1994). Intrathecal administration of oxytocin induces analgesia in low back pain involving the endogenous opiate peptide system. Spine, 19: 867–871.
  • Zainuddin Z, Newton M, Sacco P, Nosaka K (2005). Effects of massage on delayed-onset muscle soreness, swelling, and recovery of muscle function. Journal of Athletic Training, 40(3):174.
Year 2014, Volume 2 (Special Issue 2), 136 - 146, 19.02.2015
https://doi.org/10.14486/IJSCS185

Abstract

References

  • Agren G, Lundeberg T, Uvnas-Moberg K, Sato A (1995). The oxytocin antagonist 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr-(Oet)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin reverses the increase in the withdrawal response latency to thermal, but not mechanical nociceptive stimuli following oxytocin administration or massage-like stroking in rats. Neuroscience Letters, 187: 49–52.
  • Ambriz-Tututi M, Rocha-González HI, Cruz SL, Granados-Soto V (2000). Melatonin: a hormone that modulates pain. Life Sciences, 10: 489-98.
  • Andersen H, Arendt-Nielsen L, Danneskiold-Samsøe B, Graven-Nielsen T (2006). Pressure pain sensitivity and hardness along human normal and sensitized muscle. Somatosensory and Motor Research, 23(3-4): 97-109.
  • Baker SJ, Kelly NM, Eston RG (1997). Pressure pain tolerance at different sites on the quadriceps femoris prior to and following eccentric exercise.European Journal of Pain, 1(3): 229-33.
  • Clarkson PM, Sayers SP (1999). Etiology of exercise-induced muscle damage. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 24(3): 234–248.
  • Clarkson PM, Tremblay I (1988). Exercise-induced muscle damage, repair, and adaptation in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 65(1): 1–6.
  • Cook D, Koltyn K (2000). Pain and exercise. International Journal of Sports Psychology. 31: 256–277.
  • Denegar CR, Perrin DH, Rogol AD & Rutt R (1989). Influence of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain, range of motion, and serum cortisol concentration in females experiencing delayed onset muscle soreness. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, II: 100-I03.
  • DeWall CN & Baumeister RF (2006). Alone but feeling no pain: Effects of social exclusion on physical pain tolerance and pain threshold, affective forecasting, and interpersonal empathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91: 1-15.
  • Ernst E (1998). Does post-exercise massage treatment reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness? A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 32: 212–214.
  • Franklin ME, Currier DP & Franklin RC (1991). The effect of one session of muscle soreness-inducing weight lifting exercise on WBC count, serum creatine kinase, and plasma volume. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 13: 316-321.
  • Frey Law LA, Evans S, Knudtson J, Nus S, Scholl K, Sluka KA (2008). Massage reduces pain perception and hyperalgesia in experimental muscle pain: a randomized, controlled trial.Journal of Pain, 9(8): 714-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.03.009.
  • Friden J & Lieber RL (1992). Structural and mechanical basis of exercise-induced muscle injury. Medicine &Science in Sports & Exercise, 24: 521-30.
  • Ge Y, Lundeberg T, Yu LC (2002). Blockade effect of mu and kappa opioid antagonists on the anti-nociception induced by intra-periaqueductal grey injection of oxytocin in rats.Brain Research, 15;927(2): 204-7.
  • High DM, Howley ET & Franks BD (1989). The effects of static stretching and warmup on prevention of delayed-onset muscle soreness. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60: 357-361.
  • Isabell WK, Durrant E, Myrer W & Anderson S (1992). The effects of ice massage, ice massage with exercise, and exercise on the prevention and treatment of delayed onset muscle soreness. Journal of Athletic Training, 27: 208-217.
  • Kaada B, Torsteinbø O (1989). Increase of plasma beta-endorphins in connective tissue massage.General Pharmacology,20(4): 487-9.
  • Kilic M, Ulusoy O, Cırrık S, Hindistan IE, Ozkaya YG (2014). Effect of exercise intensity on cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 concentration during recovery from exhaustive exercise in rats. Acta Physiologica Hungarica, 101: 21-31.
  • Koltyn K (2000). Analgesia following exercise. Sports Medicine, 29: 85-98.
  • Lund I, Ge Y, Yu LC, Uvnas-Moberg K, Wang J, Yu C, Kurosawa M, Agren G, Rosen A, Lekman M, Lundeberg T (2002). Repeated massage-like stimulation induces long-term effects on nociception: Contribution of oxytocinergic mechanisms. European Journal of Neuroscience, 16: 330–338
  • Mishra DK, Friden J, Schmitz MC & Leiber RL (1995). Anti-inflammatory medication after muscle injury. A treatment resulting in short -term improvement but subsequent loss of muscle function. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 77: 1510-9.
  • Orbach I, Mikulincer M, King R, Cohen D& Stein D (1997). Thresholds and tolerance of physical pain in suicidal and nonsuicidal patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65: 646-652.
  • Ozdemir O, Ozdem S, Ozkaya YG (2013). Melatonin administration does not alter muscle glycogen concentration during recovery from exhaustive exercise in rats. European Journal of Sport Science. 13: 174-182.
  • Ozkaya MS, Aksoy-Gundogdu A, Seyran M, Hindistan IE, Pamuk O, Ozkaya YG (2014). Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on pain threshold in exercise trained rats under light-induced functional pinealectomy. Biol Rhythm Res. 2014. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2014.923619.
  • Pi-Sunyer FX (2000). Obesity: criteria and classification. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 59(4): 505-9.
  • Robertson A, Watt JM, Galloway SD (2004). Effects of leg massage on recovery from high intensity cycling exercise. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38: 173–176.
  • Sargeant AJ, Dolan P (1987). Human muscle function following prolonged eccentric exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology & Occupational Physiology, 56: 704-11.
  • Saxton JM, Clarkson PM, James R, Miles M, Westerfer M, Clark S & Donnelly AE (1995). Neuromuscular dysfunction following eccentric exercise. Medicine &Science in Sports & Exercise, 27: 1185-93.
  • Serinken MA, Gençoğlu C, Kayatekin BM (2013). Delayed-onset muscle soreness and wheelchair basketball performance. Balkan Medical Journal, 30: 382-6.
  • Smith LL, Keating MN, Holbert D, Spratt DJ, McCammon MR, Smith SS & Israel R G (1994). The effects of athletic massage on delayed onset muscle soreness, creatine kinase, and neutrophil count: a preliminary report. Journal of Orthopaedic &Sports Physical Therapy, 19: 93-9.
  • Stauber WT, Clarkson PM, Fritz VK & Evans WJ (1990). Extracellular matrix disruption and pain after eccentric muscle action. Journal of Applied Physiology, 69: 868-74.
  • Tesarz J, Schuster AK, Hartmann M, Gerhardt A, Eich W (2012). Pain perception in athletes compared to normally active controls: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Pain, 153:1253–1262..
  • Tiidus PM (1997). Manual massage and recovery of muscle function following exercise: a literature review. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 25: 107–112.
  • Tiidus PM (1999). Massage and ultrasound as therapeutic modalities in exercise-induced muscle damage. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 24: 267–278.
  • Yang J (1994). Intrathecal administration of oxytocin induces analgesia in low back pain involving the endogenous opiate peptide system. Spine, 19: 867–871.
  • Zainuddin Z, Newton M, Sacco P, Nosaka K (2005). Effects of massage on delayed-onset muscle soreness, swelling, and recovery of muscle function. Journal of Athletic Training, 40(3):174.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Abdullah Kaplan Kaplan This is me

Selman Uğurlu This is me

Ömer Pamuk This is me

Özgür Özdemir This is me

Ethem Hindistan This is me

Gül Özkaya

Publication Date February 19, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume 2 (Special Issue 2)

Cite

APA Kaplan, A. . K., Uğurlu, S., Pamuk, Ö., Özdemir, Ö., et al. (2015). Effect of sport massage on pressure pain threshold and tolerance in athletes under eccentric exercise. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 2(Special Issue 2), 136-146. https://doi.org/10.14486/IJSCS185
IntJSCS is published by International Science Culture and Sport Association (ISCSA).