Abstract
References
- Pouya S., Özkul D. B., 2017. Creating peace park between Turkey and Georgia, The Journal of International Social Research, 10 (53). 510-526.
- Laverty F. M., Gibbs P. J., 2007. Ecosystem Loss and Fragmentation: Synthesis: Lessons in Conservation, 1, 72-96.
- Cunningham H., 2012. Companion to Border Studies: Permeabilities, Ecology and Geopolitical Boundaries, Blackwell `Publishing Ltd. Published 2012 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd., chapter 21, 372-384.
- Singh J., 1999. Study on the Development of Transboundary Natural Resource Management Areas in Southern Africa-Global Review: Lessons Learned, Biodiversity Support Programme, Washington D. C.
- Ali S. H., 2007. Peace Parks: Conservation and conflict resolution, MA: MIT Press, Cambridge.
- http://voices.nationalgeographic.com (2017, January).
- Dingwall R. P. (IUCN/WCPA) And Rao K., (UNESCO World Heritage Centre SEPTEMBER, 2009. Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park (Canada And Usa) Report Of The Reactive Monitoring Mission.
- Duffy R., 1997. The environmental challenge to the nation-state: superparks and national parks policy in Zimbabwe. Journal of Southern African Studies 23(3). 441-451.
- King B., Wilcox S., 2008. Peace Parks and jaguar trails: transboundary conservation in a globalizing world, GeoJournal, Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Limpopo_Transfrontier_Park, (2017, January).
- Carruthers J., 1995. The Kruger National Park: A social and political history. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.
- Eco guides of WAP, Parks Tapoa Association of Ecoquides and Ecosystem Protection (AEGT/PE), BIALA, the tourism association of Tapoa Province, (2010) Received from : http://www.ecoguides-wap.net/w.html
- http://wikitravel.org/en/W_National_Park (2017, January).
- Cumming, D. H., 2008. Large Scale Conservation Planning and Priorities for the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, A report prepared for Conservation Internationa, Large scale conservation planning , Kaza Tfca.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavango%E2%80%93Zambezi_Transfrontier_Conservation_Area (2017, January).
- Peace Parks Foundation, The global Solutions, Received from: http://www.peaceparks.org/index.php
- Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1997. Binational Red Sea Marine Peace Park, Israel Environment Bulletin, 20 (4), 1997-5758.
- Davis B. J., 2008. Marine Peace Parks: Establishing Transboundary MPAs to Improve International Relations and Conservation, International News and Analysis on Marine Protected Areas, 9(9).
- Portman E. M., 2007. Zoning design for cross-border marine protected areas: The Red Sea Marine Peace Park case study, Elsevier, Journal of Ocean & Coastal Management, 50, 499–522.
- Ministry of Environment & Tourism Namibia, Iona-Skeleton Coast Transfrontier Park, received from http://www.met.gov.na/national-parks/iona-skeleton-coast-transfrontier-park/298/
- http://www.travelrevolution.com/tours/namibia-inlibe rta/ (2017, January).
- Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Tanzania Marine Parks and Reserves Unit; General Management Plan, Board of Trustees for Marine Parks and Reserves, The United Republic of Tanzania (2005).
- http://www.tfcaportal.org/content/MQTMCA (2017, January).
- Hammill A., Besanc C., 2007, Measuring Peace Park Performance: Definitions and Experiences, chapter 1, Peace parks : conservation and conflict resolution / edited by Saleem H. Ali., 2007 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 23-4.
- Bush K., 1998. A measure of peace: Peace and conflict impact assessment (PCIA) of development projects in conflict zones. Working Paper 1.The Peacebuilding and Reconstruction Programme Initiative and The Evaluation Unit, IDRC.
- Reychler L., 1999. The Conflict Impact Assessment System (CIAS): A Method for Designing and Evaluating Development Policies and Projects. CPN, Ebenhausen.
Abstract
The idea of conserving
borderlands has been founded to mitigate the issues around the political
borders. Similarly, “Transboundary Conserved Area” or “Peace Park” has been
created to protect the environmental resources and precious biodiversity over
the political borders as well as enhancing international cooperation through
harmonizing resource management approaches. There are various forms of the
peace parks created all around the world especially in Africa. Even though
various kinds of these parks are created, the subject seems interesting and new
in Asian and Middle East countries. Thus, this research aims to provide a
comprehensive view of the subject that can be practical for the urban and
environmental planners. Trying to determine their functions; this research
explains seven operated projects as examples of Transboundary Conserved Area.
To gain information, desk research is used, which collects secondary data from
the available sources. Regarding data analysis, it shows how these parks
contribute to the ecological improvement and other political, economic, and
cultural benefits. The results of the cases’ surveys demonstrate a tangible
consideration on ecosystem conservation, while other functions defined to the
peace parks and peacemaking have been underestimated and partially ignored.
Keywords
Environment Conservation Peace Park Political Border Resource Management Transboundary Conservation Areas(TBCA)
References
- Pouya S., Özkul D. B., 2017. Creating peace park between Turkey and Georgia, The Journal of International Social Research, 10 (53). 510-526.
- Laverty F. M., Gibbs P. J., 2007. Ecosystem Loss and Fragmentation: Synthesis: Lessons in Conservation, 1, 72-96.
- Cunningham H., 2012. Companion to Border Studies: Permeabilities, Ecology and Geopolitical Boundaries, Blackwell `Publishing Ltd. Published 2012 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd., chapter 21, 372-384.
- Singh J., 1999. Study on the Development of Transboundary Natural Resource Management Areas in Southern Africa-Global Review: Lessons Learned, Biodiversity Support Programme, Washington D. C.
- Ali S. H., 2007. Peace Parks: Conservation and conflict resolution, MA: MIT Press, Cambridge.
- http://voices.nationalgeographic.com (2017, January).
- Dingwall R. P. (IUCN/WCPA) And Rao K., (UNESCO World Heritage Centre SEPTEMBER, 2009. Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park (Canada And Usa) Report Of The Reactive Monitoring Mission.
- Duffy R., 1997. The environmental challenge to the nation-state: superparks and national parks policy in Zimbabwe. Journal of Southern African Studies 23(3). 441-451.
- King B., Wilcox S., 2008. Peace Parks and jaguar trails: transboundary conservation in a globalizing world, GeoJournal, Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Limpopo_Transfrontier_Park, (2017, January).
- Carruthers J., 1995. The Kruger National Park: A social and political history. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.
- Eco guides of WAP, Parks Tapoa Association of Ecoquides and Ecosystem Protection (AEGT/PE), BIALA, the tourism association of Tapoa Province, (2010) Received from : http://www.ecoguides-wap.net/w.html
- http://wikitravel.org/en/W_National_Park (2017, January).
- Cumming, D. H., 2008. Large Scale Conservation Planning and Priorities for the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, A report prepared for Conservation Internationa, Large scale conservation planning , Kaza Tfca.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavango%E2%80%93Zambezi_Transfrontier_Conservation_Area (2017, January).
- Peace Parks Foundation, The global Solutions, Received from: http://www.peaceparks.org/index.php
- Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1997. Binational Red Sea Marine Peace Park, Israel Environment Bulletin, 20 (4), 1997-5758.
- Davis B. J., 2008. Marine Peace Parks: Establishing Transboundary MPAs to Improve International Relations and Conservation, International News and Analysis on Marine Protected Areas, 9(9).
- Portman E. M., 2007. Zoning design for cross-border marine protected areas: The Red Sea Marine Peace Park case study, Elsevier, Journal of Ocean & Coastal Management, 50, 499–522.
- Ministry of Environment & Tourism Namibia, Iona-Skeleton Coast Transfrontier Park, received from http://www.met.gov.na/national-parks/iona-skeleton-coast-transfrontier-park/298/
- http://www.travelrevolution.com/tours/namibia-inlibe rta/ (2017, January).
- Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Tanzania Marine Parks and Reserves Unit; General Management Plan, Board of Trustees for Marine Parks and Reserves, The United Republic of Tanzania (2005).
- http://www.tfcaportal.org/content/MQTMCA (2017, January).
- Hammill A., Besanc C., 2007, Measuring Peace Park Performance: Definitions and Experiences, chapter 1, Peace parks : conservation and conflict resolution / edited by Saleem H. Ali., 2007 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 23-4.
- Bush K., 1998. A measure of peace: Peace and conflict impact assessment (PCIA) of development projects in conflict zones. Working Paper 1.The Peacebuilding and Reconstruction Programme Initiative and The Evaluation Unit, IDRC.
- Reychler L., 1999. The Conflict Impact Assessment System (CIAS): A Method for Designing and Evaluating Development Policies and Projects. CPN, Ebenhausen.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | November 30, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | May 22, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 2 |
