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Flört Pratiklerinde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Rolü: Türkiye’nin Heteroseksüel Çevrimiçi Flört Dünyasının Analizi

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 331 - 356, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.33708/ktc.1266418

Abstract

Heteroseksüel çevrimiçi flört kültürü ve pratiklerini araştıran doktora projesinin bir parçası olan bu çalışma, bireylerin hem flört uygulamalarıyla etkileşimlerinde hem de çevrimiçi flört deneyimlerinde toplumsal cinsiyetin nasıl belirleyici olduğuna odaklanmaktadır. Türkiye’de popüler olan ve algoritmik mimarileri birbirinden farklı iki uygulamayı, Tinder ile OkCupid’i incelemiş ve kullanıcılarıyla Zoom mülakatları gerçekleştirmiştir. Çıkan bulgular, özellikle erkeklerin deneyimlerinde kullanıcıların görünürlüğünü belirleyen algoritmaların başat bir rolü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Erkekler, kadınların aksine, eşleşme alabilmek için algoritmaları yenecek ya da kandıracak çeşitli taktikler uygulamak durumunda kalmaktadır. Algoritmik mimari aynı zamanda bu uygulamaların toplumda nasıl algılanacağını etkilemektedir. Flört uygulamalarını, ama özellikle basit mimarisinden ötürü Tinder’ı, “takılma uygulamaları” olarak damgalayan toplumsal algı, kadın ve erkekleri farklı şekillerde etkilemektedir. Bu farklılık, genel olarak erkeklerin avcı, kadınlarınsa kurban olarak kodlandığı takılma pratiğinin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini yeniden üreten yapısından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, erkeklere nazaran, kadınların deneyimlerinde “o tarz kadın” muamelesine maruz kalma ve “saldırıya uğruyormuş” hissine kapılma öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışma, bu bulgular ışığında, hem insan-uygulama etkileşimine hem de flört uygulamalarının nasıl kültürel objeler olduğuna dikkat çekerek Batı odaklı çalışmaların hâkim olduğu çevrimiçi flört literatürüne katkı yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.

References

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The Role of Gender in Dating Practices: An Analysis of Turkey’s Heterosexual Online Dating World

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 331 - 356, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.33708/ktc.1266418

Abstract

As part of the dissertation research on heterosexual online dating culture and practices, this study focuses on the determining role of gender in individuals’ interaction with dating apps and their online dating experiences. It examines two algorithmically different and most-used apps in Turkey, Tinder and OkCupid, and organizes interviews with the users via Zoom. The findings demonstrate that algorithms that determine users’ visibility play a primary role in particularly men’s experiences. In contrast to women, men must develop various tactics to beat or cheat algorithms to get a match. Algorithmic architecture also influences how these apps are perceived in society. The social perception which stigmatizes dating apps, especially Tinder due to its simple architecture, as “hookup apps” affects women and men differently. These differences derive from the hookup structure that reproduces gender inequality by associating men with the hunter and women with the victim. Hence, in contrast to men, being exposed to “that kind of woman” attitudes and feeling as if they are being attacked are dominant in women’s experiences. In this light, this study aims to contribute to the predominantly Western literature on e-dating by drawing attention to human-app interaction and how dating apps are algorithmic cultural objects.

References

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  • Albury, K., Burgess, J., Light, B., Race, K., & Wilken, R. (2017). Data cultures of mobile dating and hook-up apps: Emerging issues for critical social science research. Big Data & Society, July-December 2017, 1-11.
  • Ali, N., Phillips, R., Chambers, C., Narkowicz, K., Hopkins, P., & Pande R. (2020). Halal dating: Changing relationship attitudes and experiences among young British Muslims. Sexualities, 23(5–6), 775–792. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460719850113
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  • Arcak, E., & Öztürk, S. (Yapımcılar) (2020). Dijital flörtleşme [Belgesel serisi]. Ancyra Documentary & Film Production; BluTv.
  • Aydoğan, B. (2020). Konum temelli çevrimiçi tanışma uygulamalarını kadınların flört deneyimleri açısından düşünmek: Tinder ve Happn. Moment Dergi, 7(2), 287-313.
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  • Chan, L. S. (2016). How sociocultural context matters in self-presentation: A Comparison of U.S. and Chinese profiles on Jack’d, a mobile dating app for men who have sex with men. International Journal of Communication, 10, 6040-6059.
  • Cheney-Lippold, J. (2017). We are data: Algorithms and the making of our digital selves. New York University Press.
  • Cöbek, G. (2021). Beyond the female love-male sex binary: A non-representational approach to online dating. Kültür ve İletişim, 24(1), 7-35.
  • Cöbek, G. (2022a). Flört uygulamalarındaki imajlar dünyası: “Klişelerin diktatörlüğü”ne karşı doğallık. Moment, 9(1), 13-34.
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  • Cöbek, G. (2023b). Right of men to hook up: An analysis of Tinder’s architecture and its cultural interpretations in Turkey. In G. Muschert, M. Ragnedda, M. Şentürk, & H. Eşrefoğlu (Eds.), New Media / New Society? Istanbul University Press.
  • Cöbek, G., & Ergin, M. (2021). Swipe me if you can: Cultural and gendered uses of Tinder in Turkey. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences, 5(3), 11-38.
  • Cruyt, M. L. (12 Şubat 2020). Check out the most popular dating apps by country. Erişim tarihi: 15 Ağustos 2021, https://www.apptweak.com/en/aso-blog/check-out-the-most-popular-dating-apps-by-country.
  • Davis, E. M. & Fingerman, K. L. (2016). Digital dating: Online profile content of older and younger adults. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 71(6), 959-967.
  • De Rooij, L. (2020). The relationship between online dating and Islamic identity among British Muslims. Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture, 9, 1-32.
  • Deniz, A. (2020). Changing geographies of intimacy: A study on female Tinder users in Istanbul. Fe Dergi, 12(1), 113-124.
  • Deveci, E. (23 Kasım 2020). Tinder, OkCupid, Bumble… İşte pandemide çevrimiçi çöpçatanlığın bilançosu. Erişim tarihi: 16 Ağustos 2021, https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2020/ekonomi/tinder-okcupid-bumble-iste-pandemide-cevrimici-copcatanligin-bilancosu-6135818/.
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  • Duguay, S. (2019). You can’t use this app for that: Exploring off-label use through an investigation of Tinder. The Information Society, 1-13.
  • Galloway, A. R. (2006). Gaming: Essays on algorithmic culture. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Gewirtz-Meydan, A. & Ayalon, L. (2018). Forever young: Visual representations of gender and age in online dating sites for older adults. Journal of Women & Aging, 30(6), 484-502.
  • Hasan, F. (2020). Keep it halal! A smartphone ethnography of Muslim dating. Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture, 10, 135-154.
  • Hess, A., & Flores, C. (2018). Simply more than swiping left: A critical analysis of toxic masculine performances on Tinder Nightmares. New Media & Society, 1-18.
  • Holden, M. (25 Mayıs 2021). How to use Tinder for hooking up (and more). Askmen. Erişim tarihi: 28 Haziran 2020, https://www.askmen.com/dating/curtsmith/dating-with-tinder.html.
  • Illouz, E. (2019). The end of love: A sociology of negative relations. Oxford University Press.
  • Johnson, J. H. (2017). Dating_missrepresentation.com: Black women’s lived love-hate relationship with online dating (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
  • Krüger, S., & Spilde, A. C. (2019). Judging books by their covers – Tinder interface, usage, and socio-cultural implications. Information, Communication & Society. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2019.1572771.
  • Light, B., Burgess, J., & Duguay, S. (2018). The walkthrough method: An approach to the study of apps. New Media & Society, 20(3), 881-900.
  • MacLeod, C., & McArthur, V. (2019). The construction of gender in dating apps: An interface analysis of Tinder and Bumble. Feminist Media Studies, 19(6), 822-840.
  • Mason, C. L. (2016). Tinder and humanitarian hook-ups: The erotics of social media racism. Feminist Media Studies, 16(5), 822-837.
  • McGloin, R., & Denes, A. (2018). Too hot to trust: Examining the relationship between attractiveness, trustworthiness, and desire to date in online dating. New Media & Society, 20(3), 919-936.
  • McWilliams, S., & Barrett, A. E. (2014). Online dating in middle and later life: Gendered expectations and experiences. Journal of Family Issues, 35(3), 411-436.
  • Murray, S., & Ankerson, M. S. (2016). Lez takes time: Designing lesbian contact in geosocial networking apps. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 33(1), 53-69.
  • Narin, B. (2018). A netnography study about Wapa as a mobile dating application. Journal of Cultural Studies, 5(2), 343-367.
  • Nisa, E. F. (2021). Online halal dating, Ta’aruf, and the shariatisation of matchmaking among Malaysian and Indonesian Muslims. CyberOrient, 15(1), 231-258.
  • OkCupid. (b.t.). Dating deserves better. Erişim tarihi: 17 Eylül 2019, https://www.okcupid.com/.
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There are 72 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gözde Cöbek 0000-0003-4732-2077

Early Pub Date November 30, 2023
Publication Date November 30, 2023
Submission Date March 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Cöbek, G. (2023). Flört Pratiklerinde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Rolü: Türkiye’nin Heteroseksüel Çevrimiçi Flört Dünyasının Analizi. Akdeniz Kadın Çalışmaları Ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Dergisi, 6(2), 331-356. https://doi.org/10.33708/ktc.1266418

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