Research Article
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Respect and Trust in Organizations: A Research About Their Effect on Job Satisfaction

Year 2019, 18. UİK Özel Sayısı, 527 - 543, 31.08.2019

Elif Bilginoğlu Uğur Yozgat İnci Erdem Artan

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.590684
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Most
organizations aspire to employee satisfaction, but only some can reach this
goal. For this reason the human resources professionals need to have a better
understanding about the factors that can boost employee satisfaction. The
findings of employee surveys revealed that treating the employees in a
respectful manner is the very first antecedent of job satisfaction, whilst trust
between employees and senior management was among the top five. This study
investigates the relationship between respect and trust in organizations and
their relationship with the job satisfaction of the employees. The rsearch was
conducted in Istanbul by using convenient sampling method on 369 participants
working in different sectors. According to the results of the research, respect
in organizations has a positive effect on trust, while both respect and trust
positively affect employees’ job satisfaction. The findings also revealed that
trust in organizations fully mediates the relationship between respect in
organizations and job satisfaction. 

Keywords

Respect in organizations trust in organizations job satisfaction.

References

  • Aryee, S., Budwhar, P.S. and Chen, Z.X. (2002). Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes: Test of a social exchange model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(3), 267-285.
  • Balovich, D. (2017, August 06). Respect in the workplace. http://www.creditworthy.com/3jm/articles/cw81706.html accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Baron, R.M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Bathena, Z. (2018, March 18). Why job satisfaction is an important phenomenon of the vicious circle? https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/310608 accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Besner, G. (2015, July 01). Here are 4 ways to develop a culture of respect and trust. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/247932 accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Boafo, I.M. (2018). The effects of workplace respect and violence on nurses’ job satisfaction in Ghana: A cross-sectional survey. Human Resources for Health, 16(1), 1-10.
  • Brayfield, A. H. and Rothe, H. F. (1951). An index of job satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 35(5), 307-311.
  • Bruhn, J.G. (2001). Trust and the health of organizations. New York: Springer Science+Business Media
  • Bulińska-Stangrecka, H. and Bagieńska, A. (2018). Investigating the links of interpersonal trust in telecommunications companies. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-17.
  • Carmeli, A. and Gittell, J.H. (2009). High quality relationships, psychological safety, and learning from failures in work organizations, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(6), 709-729.
  • Clarke, N. (2011). An integrated conceptual model of respect in leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 22(2), 316-327.
  • Cunningham, J.B. and MacGregor, J. (2000). Trust and the design of work complementary constructs in satisfaction and performance, Human Relations, 53(12), 1575-1591.
  • Dames, K. (2016a, August 18). 5 ways to build a culture of trust. https://peopledevelopmentmagazine.com/2016/08/18/5-ways-build-culture-of-trust/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Dames, K. (2016b, August 26). 5 ways to create a culture of respect. https://peopledevelopmentmagazine.com/2016/08/26/create-culture-respect/ accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Daskal, L. (2015, May 15). 99 simple ways to gain the respect of others. https://www.inc.com/lolly-daskal/99-simple-ways-to-gain-the-respect-of-others.html accessed on 15.01.2019
  • Daskal, L. (2016, March 14). 99 simple things that will help you build trust and credibility. https://www.inc.com/lolly-daskal/99-simple-ways-you-can-build-trust-and-credibility.html accessed on 10.01.2019
  • Deutsch, M. (1958). Trust and suspicion. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2(4), 265–279.
  • Douglass, A.L. (2017). Leading for change in early care and education: Cultivating leadership from within. NewYork: Teachers College Press.
  • Eckermann, A., Dowd, T., Chong, E., Nixon, L., Gray, R. and Johnson, S. (2010). Binan goonj: Bridging cultures in aboriginal health. Sydney: Elsevier Australia.
  • Edwards, S. (2015, October 29). Examining the relationship between workplace satisfaction and productivity. https://www.inc.com/-samuel-edwards/examining-the-relationship-between-work-place-satisfaction-and-productivity.html accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Gardner, M. (2008, January 28). Seven things employees want most to be happy at work. https://www.csmonitor.com/Business-/2008/0128/p13s03-wmgn.html accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Gruneberg, M.M. (1979). Understanding job satisfaction. London: The Macmillan Press.
  • Hammoud, M (2018, January 19). Building respect through trust: Putting power in empowerment. https://thriveglobal.com/stories/-building-trust-through-respect/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Heathfield, S.M. (2018, December 17). How to build trust at work, https://www.thebalancecareers.com/top-ways-to-build-trust-at-work-1919402 accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Institute of Medicine (2004). Keeping patients safe: Transforming the work environment of nurses. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine.
  • Jaques, E. (2002). Social power and the CEO: Leadership and trust in a sustainable free enterprise system. USA: Greenwood Publishing.
  • Judge, T.A., Bono, J.E. and Locke, E.A. (2000). Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics, Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(2), 237-249.
  • Khurana, S. (2017, May 25). 20 quotes that teach organizations how to give respect and get respect: Give respect, get respect: The new Mantra for business leaders of tomorrow. https://www.thoughtco.com-/give-and-get-respect-2830793 accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Knight, G.A. (1997). Cross-cultural reliability and validity of a scale to measure firm entrepreneurial orientation, Journal of Business Venturing, 12(3), 213 225.
  • Laschinger, H.K.S. (2004). Hospital nurses’ perceptions of respect and organizational justice, Journal of Nursing Administration, 34(7/8), 354-364.
  • Laschinger, H.K. and Finegan, J. (2005). Using empowerment to build trust and respect in the workplace: A strategy for addressing the nursing shortage. Nursing Economics, 23(1), 6-13.
  • McDonald, K. (2017). How to work with and lead people not like you: Practical solutions for today’s diverse workplace. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • McGuire, M., Houser, J., Jarrar, T., Moy, W. and Wall, M. (2003). Retention: It’s all about respect. Health Care Manager, 22(1), 38-44.
  • Mishra, A.K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis. In (R.M. Kramer and T.R. Tyler Eds.) Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research. (1-32). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Mishra, A.K. and Spreitzer, G.M. (1998). Explaining how survivors respond to downsizing: The roles of trust, empowerment, justice, and work redesign. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 567-588.
  • Nunnaly, J.C. (1978). Psycometric theory. New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Page, L., Boysen, S. and Arya, T. (2019). Creating a culture that thrives: fostering respect, trust, and psychological safety in the workplace, Organization Development Review, 51(1), 28-35.
  • Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.Y. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
  • Quin, F. and Wang, D. (2012). Current research on the fitness coaches’ Job satisfaction in Hubei. In (W. Zhang Ed.) Advanced Technology in Teaching, AIS 163 (585-589) Berlin: Springer Verlag.
  • Rane, D.B. (2011). Employee job satisfaction: An essence of organization, HRM Review, 11(7), 10-16.
  • Reina, D.S. and Reina, M.L. (2006). Trust and betrayal in the workplace: Building effective relationships in your organization. San Francisco, California: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
  • Reynolds, L. (1997). The trust effect: Creating the high trust, high performance organization. London, UK: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
  • Rich, G. (1997). The sales manager as a role model: Effects on trust, job satisfaction and performance of salespeople, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 319–328.
  • Robinson, S. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract, Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(4), 574-590.
  • Rogers, K. (2018, July-August). Do your employees feel respected? https://hbr.org/2018/07/do-your-employees-feel-respected accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Romeike, P.D., Nienaber, A. and Schewe, G. (2016). How differences in perceptions of own and team performance impact trust and job satisfaction in virtual teams, Human Performance, 29(4), 291-309
  • Schuler, R.S. (1990). Repositioning the human resource function: Transformation or demise? Academy of Management Executive, 4(3), 49-60.
  • Schwartz, T. and Porath, C. (2014, June 30). The power of meeting your employees’ needs. https://hbr.org/2014/06/the-power-of-meeting-your-employees-needs accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Serva, M. A., Fuller, M. A. and Mayer, R. C. (2005). The reciprocal nature of trust: A longitudinal study of interacting teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(6), 625–648.
  • Sheldon, P. J., Fesenmaier, D.R. and Tribe, J. (2014). The tourism education futures initiative (TEFI): Activating change in tourism education. In (D. Prebežac, C. Schott & P. Sheldon Eds.) The Tourism Education Futures Initiative: Activating Change in Tourism Education (14-35). NewYork: Routledge.
  • Snetsinger, D. and Pellet, G. (1996, July-August). Making employee research pay off, CMA Magazine, 13-15.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2015). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: optimizing organizational culture for success. https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/business-solutions/Documents/2015-job-satisfaction-and-engagement-report.pdf accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2016). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: revitalizing a changing workforce. R https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/2016-Employee-Job-Satisfaction-and-Engagement-Report.pdf accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2017). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: The doors of opportunity are open. https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/2017-Employee-Job-Satisfaction-and-Engagement-Executive-Summary.pdf accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
  • Tyler, T.R. and Degoey, P. (1996). Trust in organizational authorities: The influence of motive attributions on willingness to accept decisions. In (R.M. Kramer & T.R. TylerEds.) Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, (331-356). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
  • Villanova University (2016, October 06). How important is job satisfaction in today’s workplace? https://www.villanovau.com/re-sources/hr/importance-of-job-satisfaction-in-the-workplace/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Whipple, B. (2018). Trust and respect, https://leadergrow.com/articles/78-trust-and-respect- accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Zenger, J. and Folkman, J. (2019, February 05). The 3 elements of trust, https://hbr.org/2019/02/the-3-elements-of-trust accessed on 15.01.2019.

Örgütlerde Saygı Ve Güven: İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkileri Hakkında Bir Araştırma

Year 2019, 18. UİK Özel Sayısı, 527 - 543, 31.08.2019

Elif Bilginoğlu Uğur Yozgat İnci Erdem Artan

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.590684
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Birçok örgüt çalışan tatmini konusunda uğraş veriyor
olmakla birlikte, sadece bazıları bu hedefe ulaşabilmektedirler. Bu nedenle,
insan kaynakları profesyonellerinin çalışan tatminini artırabilecek unsurlar
hakkında daha fazla bilgi sahibi olmaları önemli bir konu teşkil etmektedir.
Yapılan anketler, tüm çalışanlara saygılı davranmanın iş tatminine en çok
katkıda bulunan unsur olduğunu, çalışanlar ve üst düzey yönetim arasındaki
güveninse ilk beş unsurdan biri olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma
örgütlerde saygı ve güven arasındaki ilişki ve onların çalışanların iş tatmini
ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. Araştırma İstanbul’da çeşitli sektörlerde
çalışan kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 369 katılımcı ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir Araştırma sonuçları, örgütlerde saygının güven üzerinde
olumlu bir etkisi olduğunu; bununla birlikte hem saygı, hem de güvenin
çalışanların iş tatmini üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır
Sonuçlar aynı zamanda örgütlerde güvenin örgütlerde saygı ve iş tatmini
arasındaki ilişkide tam aracı rolü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. 

Keywords

Örgütlerde saygı örgütlerde güven iş tatmini

References

  • Aryee, S., Budwhar, P.S. and Chen, Z.X. (2002). Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes: Test of a social exchange model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(3), 267-285.
  • Balovich, D. (2017, August 06). Respect in the workplace. http://www.creditworthy.com/3jm/articles/cw81706.html accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Baron, R.M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Bathena, Z. (2018, March 18). Why job satisfaction is an important phenomenon of the vicious circle? https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/310608 accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Besner, G. (2015, July 01). Here are 4 ways to develop a culture of respect and trust. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/247932 accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Boafo, I.M. (2018). The effects of workplace respect and violence on nurses’ job satisfaction in Ghana: A cross-sectional survey. Human Resources for Health, 16(1), 1-10.
  • Brayfield, A. H. and Rothe, H. F. (1951). An index of job satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 35(5), 307-311.
  • Bruhn, J.G. (2001). Trust and the health of organizations. New York: Springer Science+Business Media
  • Bulińska-Stangrecka, H. and Bagieńska, A. (2018). Investigating the links of interpersonal trust in telecommunications companies. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-17.
  • Carmeli, A. and Gittell, J.H. (2009). High quality relationships, psychological safety, and learning from failures in work organizations, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(6), 709-729.
  • Clarke, N. (2011). An integrated conceptual model of respect in leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 22(2), 316-327.
  • Cunningham, J.B. and MacGregor, J. (2000). Trust and the design of work complementary constructs in satisfaction and performance, Human Relations, 53(12), 1575-1591.
  • Dames, K. (2016a, August 18). 5 ways to build a culture of trust. https://peopledevelopmentmagazine.com/2016/08/18/5-ways-build-culture-of-trust/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Dames, K. (2016b, August 26). 5 ways to create a culture of respect. https://peopledevelopmentmagazine.com/2016/08/26/create-culture-respect/ accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Daskal, L. (2015, May 15). 99 simple ways to gain the respect of others. https://www.inc.com/lolly-daskal/99-simple-ways-to-gain-the-respect-of-others.html accessed on 15.01.2019
  • Daskal, L. (2016, March 14). 99 simple things that will help you build trust and credibility. https://www.inc.com/lolly-daskal/99-simple-ways-you-can-build-trust-and-credibility.html accessed on 10.01.2019
  • Deutsch, M. (1958). Trust and suspicion. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2(4), 265–279.
  • Douglass, A.L. (2017). Leading for change in early care and education: Cultivating leadership from within. NewYork: Teachers College Press.
  • Eckermann, A., Dowd, T., Chong, E., Nixon, L., Gray, R. and Johnson, S. (2010). Binan goonj: Bridging cultures in aboriginal health. Sydney: Elsevier Australia.
  • Edwards, S. (2015, October 29). Examining the relationship between workplace satisfaction and productivity. https://www.inc.com/-samuel-edwards/examining-the-relationship-between-work-place-satisfaction-and-productivity.html accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Gardner, M. (2008, January 28). Seven things employees want most to be happy at work. https://www.csmonitor.com/Business-/2008/0128/p13s03-wmgn.html accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Gruneberg, M.M. (1979). Understanding job satisfaction. London: The Macmillan Press.
  • Hammoud, M (2018, January 19). Building respect through trust: Putting power in empowerment. https://thriveglobal.com/stories/-building-trust-through-respect/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Heathfield, S.M. (2018, December 17). How to build trust at work, https://www.thebalancecareers.com/top-ways-to-build-trust-at-work-1919402 accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Institute of Medicine (2004). Keeping patients safe: Transforming the work environment of nurses. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine.
  • Jaques, E. (2002). Social power and the CEO: Leadership and trust in a sustainable free enterprise system. USA: Greenwood Publishing.
  • Judge, T.A., Bono, J.E. and Locke, E.A. (2000). Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics, Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(2), 237-249.
  • Khurana, S. (2017, May 25). 20 quotes that teach organizations how to give respect and get respect: Give respect, get respect: The new Mantra for business leaders of tomorrow. https://www.thoughtco.com-/give-and-get-respect-2830793 accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Knight, G.A. (1997). Cross-cultural reliability and validity of a scale to measure firm entrepreneurial orientation, Journal of Business Venturing, 12(3), 213 225.
  • Laschinger, H.K.S. (2004). Hospital nurses’ perceptions of respect and organizational justice, Journal of Nursing Administration, 34(7/8), 354-364.
  • Laschinger, H.K. and Finegan, J. (2005). Using empowerment to build trust and respect in the workplace: A strategy for addressing the nursing shortage. Nursing Economics, 23(1), 6-13.
  • McDonald, K. (2017). How to work with and lead people not like you: Practical solutions for today’s diverse workplace. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • McGuire, M., Houser, J., Jarrar, T., Moy, W. and Wall, M. (2003). Retention: It’s all about respect. Health Care Manager, 22(1), 38-44.
  • Mishra, A.K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis. In (R.M. Kramer and T.R. Tyler Eds.) Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research. (1-32). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Mishra, A.K. and Spreitzer, G.M. (1998). Explaining how survivors respond to downsizing: The roles of trust, empowerment, justice, and work redesign. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 567-588.
  • Nunnaly, J.C. (1978). Psycometric theory. New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Page, L., Boysen, S. and Arya, T. (2019). Creating a culture that thrives: fostering respect, trust, and psychological safety in the workplace, Organization Development Review, 51(1), 28-35.
  • Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.Y. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
  • Quin, F. and Wang, D. (2012). Current research on the fitness coaches’ Job satisfaction in Hubei. In (W. Zhang Ed.) Advanced Technology in Teaching, AIS 163 (585-589) Berlin: Springer Verlag.
  • Rane, D.B. (2011). Employee job satisfaction: An essence of organization, HRM Review, 11(7), 10-16.
  • Reina, D.S. and Reina, M.L. (2006). Trust and betrayal in the workplace: Building effective relationships in your organization. San Francisco, California: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
  • Reynolds, L. (1997). The trust effect: Creating the high trust, high performance organization. London, UK: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
  • Rich, G. (1997). The sales manager as a role model: Effects on trust, job satisfaction and performance of salespeople, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 319–328.
  • Robinson, S. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract, Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(4), 574-590.
  • Rogers, K. (2018, July-August). Do your employees feel respected? https://hbr.org/2018/07/do-your-employees-feel-respected accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Romeike, P.D., Nienaber, A. and Schewe, G. (2016). How differences in perceptions of own and team performance impact trust and job satisfaction in virtual teams, Human Performance, 29(4), 291-309
  • Schuler, R.S. (1990). Repositioning the human resource function: Transformation or demise? Academy of Management Executive, 4(3), 49-60.
  • Schwartz, T. and Porath, C. (2014, June 30). The power of meeting your employees’ needs. https://hbr.org/2014/06/the-power-of-meeting-your-employees-needs accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Serva, M. A., Fuller, M. A. and Mayer, R. C. (2005). The reciprocal nature of trust: A longitudinal study of interacting teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(6), 625–648.
  • Sheldon, P. J., Fesenmaier, D.R. and Tribe, J. (2014). The tourism education futures initiative (TEFI): Activating change in tourism education. In (D. Prebežac, C. Schott & P. Sheldon Eds.) The Tourism Education Futures Initiative: Activating Change in Tourism Education (14-35). NewYork: Routledge.
  • Snetsinger, D. and Pellet, G. (1996, July-August). Making employee research pay off, CMA Magazine, 13-15.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2015). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: optimizing organizational culture for success. https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/business-solutions/Documents/2015-job-satisfaction-and-engagement-report.pdf accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2016). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: revitalizing a changing workforce. R https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/2016-Employee-Job-Satisfaction-and-Engagement-Report.pdf accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Society for Human Resource Management (2017). Employee job satisfaction and engagement: The doors of opportunity are open. https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/2017-Employee-Job-Satisfaction-and-Engagement-Executive-Summary.pdf accessed on 15.01.2019.
  • Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
  • Tyler, T.R. and Degoey, P. (1996). Trust in organizational authorities: The influence of motive attributions on willingness to accept decisions. In (R.M. Kramer & T.R. TylerEds.) Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, (331-356). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
  • Villanova University (2016, October 06). How important is job satisfaction in today’s workplace? https://www.villanovau.com/re-sources/hr/importance-of-job-satisfaction-in-the-workplace/ accessed on 10.01.2019.
  • Whipple, B. (2018). Trust and respect, https://leadergrow.com/articles/78-trust-and-respect- accessed on 05.03.2019.
  • Zenger, J. and Folkman, J. (2019, February 05). The 3 elements of trust, https://hbr.org/2019/02/the-3-elements-of-trust accessed on 15.01.2019.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Elif Bilginoğlu 0000-0003-1481-0170

Uğur Yozgat This is me 0000-0001-9893-3551

İnci Erdem Artan 0000-0002-1465-8650

Publication Date August 31, 2019
Acceptance Date August 4, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 18. UİK Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Bilginoğlu, E., Yozgat, U., & Erdem Artan, İ. (2019). Respect and Trust in Organizations: A Research About Their Effect on Job Satisfaction. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 12, 527-543. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.590684

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