Araştırma Makalesi
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Assessment of Integrating Mental and Physical Training for Skill Acquisition in Football

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 1249 - 1261, 28.12.2023

Bülent Okan Miçooğulları Damjan Jaksic Patrik Drid

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1356122

Öz

Mental imagery is an essential element in the human movement system. Research in the sports psychology literature shows that training with motor imagery (mental practice) is an effective strategy for improving motor performance in planning and executing goal-directed movements. The primary objective of this study is to explore the impacts of integrating mental and physical training on the acquisition of a demanding football motor skill, specifically the "head kick." A total of 40 participants, consisting of 18 women and 22 men, who were students from the Physical Education & Sports department at Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, were randomly divided into two groups: one group receiving combined physical education and mental practice, and the other group solely undergoing physical education training. The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire–2 (VMIQ-2; Roberts et al., 2008) and video analysis procedure were used in this study. Based on the research problem, the Repeated Measure ANOVA test was used. Motor skill performance was assessed both before and after an eight-week training period. To gauge improvements in motor skill acquisition, three independent expert evaluators analyzed video recordings of the motor task before and after training in both situations. The findings highlighted that engaging in mental imagery exercises improved timing and coordination, emphasizing the potential effectiveness of this intervention for enhancing proficiency in intricate motor skills. These study findings also illustrate the practicality and precision of employing video-based motion analysis to gauge enhancements in motor performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motor Imagery Motor Learning Motor Control Motor Skill

Kaynakça

  • Brouziyne, M., & Molinaro, C. (2005). Mental imagery combined with physical practice of approach shots for golf beginners. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 101(1), 203-211. doi: 10.2466/PMS.101.5.203-211
  • Coelho, R.W., De Campos, W., Da Silva, S.G., Okazaki, F.H., & Keller, B. (2007). Imagery intervention in open and closed tennis motor skill performance, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 105, 458-468.
  • Cumming, J., & Williams, S.E. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences, 82, 69-81. doi: 10.1051/sm/2013098
  • Decety, J., Jeannerod, M., Germain, M., & Pastene, J. (1991). Vegetative response during imagined movement is proportional to mental effort. Behavioural Brain Research, 42, 1-5.
  • Di Rienzo, F., Blache, Y., Kanthack, T. F. D., Monteil, K., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2015). Short-term effects of integrated motor imagery practice on muscle activation and force performance. Neuroscience, 305, 146–156. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.080.
  • Driskell, J. E., Copper, C., & Moran, A. (1994). Does mental practice enhance performance? Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 481-492. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.481
  • Doussoulin, A., & Rehbein, L. (2011). Motor imagery as a tool for skill training in children, Motricidade, 7, 37-43.
  • Feltz, D. L., & Landers, D. M. (1983). The effects of mental practice on motor skill learning and performance: A meta-analyses. Journal of Sport Psychology, 5(1), 25-57. doi: 10.1123/jsp.5.1.25
  • Frank, C., Land, W. M., & Schack, T. (2016). Perceptual-cognitive changes during motor learning: the influence of mental and physical practice on mental representation, gaze behavior, and performance of a complex action. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01981
  • Gaggioli A., Morganti L., Mondoni M., & Antonietti A. (2013). Benefits of combined mental and physical training in learning a complex motor skill in basketball. Psychology, 4, 1–6. doi: 10.4236/psych.2013.49A2001
  • Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the Motor Imagery Integrative Model in sport: A review and theoretical investigation of motor imagery use. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 31-44. doi: 10.1080/17509840701823139
  • Guillot, A., Moschberger, K., & Collet, C. (2013). Coupling movement with imagery as a new perspective for motor imagery practice. Behavioral and Brain Functions, 9(1), 8. doi: 10.1186/1744-9081- 9-8
  • Hall, C., Mack, D.E., Paivio, A., & Hausenblas, H.A. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29(1), 73-89
  • Hammond, T., Gregg, M., Hrycaiko, D., Mactavish, J., & Leslie-Toogood, A. (2012). The effects of a motivational general-mastery imagery intervention on the imagery ability and sport confidence of inter-collegiate golfers. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 7(1), Article 3. doi: 10.1515/1932-0191.1066
  • Hegazy, K. (2012). The effect of mental training on precision tasks in tennis and soccer. A Study on Educational Technology. Ph.D. Thesis, Konstanz: University of Konstanz.
  • Ingram, T. G., Kraeutner, S. N., Solomon, J. P., Westwood, D. A., & Boe, S. G. (2016). Skill acquisition via motor imagery relies on both motor and perceptual learning. Behavior Neuroscience, 130, 252–260. doi:10.1037/bne0000126
  • Jackson, P. L., Lafleur, M. F., Malouin, F., Richards, C. L., & Doyon, J. (2003). Functional cerebral re-organization following motor sequence learning through mental practice with motor imagery. Neuroimage, 20, 1171-1180. doi:10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00369-0
  • Jeannerod, M. (1994). The representing brain: Neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 17,1 87-245. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00034026
  • Johnson-Frey, S. H. (2003). What’s so special about human tool use? Neuron, 39, 201–204.
  • Jordet, G. (2005). Perceptual training in soccer: an imagery intervention study with elite players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 140–156
  • Karni, A., Meyer, G., Jezzard, P., Adams, M. M., Turner, R., & Unger-leider, L.G. (1995). Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning. Nature, 377, 155-158.
  • Kim, T., Frank, C., & Schack, T. (2017). A systematic investigation of the effect of action observation training and motor imagery training on the development of mental representation structure and skill performance. Frontier in Human Neuroscience, 11, 499. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00499
  • Lang, P. J. (1979). A bio-informational theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495-512.
  • Louis, M., Guillot, A., Maton, S., Doyon, C., & Collet, C. (2008). Effect of imagined movement speed on subsequent motor performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 40, 117-132.
  • Miller, K. J., Schalk, G., Fetz, E., den Nijs, M., Ojemann, J., & Rao, R. (2010). Cortical activity during motor execution, motor imagery, and imagery-based online feedback. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 4430-4435
  • Olsson, C. J., Jonsson, B., & Nyberg, L. (2008). Internal imagery training in active high jumpers. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49,133-140.
  • Pearson, J., Naselaris, T., Holmes, E. A., & Kosslyn, S. M. (2015). Mental imagery: Functional mechanisms and clinical applications. Trends Cognition in Sciences, 19(10), 590–602. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.003
  • Peynircioglu, Z. F., Thompson, J. L. W., & Tanielan, T. B. (2000). Improvement strategies in free-throw shooting and grip-strength task.The Journal of General Psychology, 127, 145-156.
  • Ploszay, A. J., Gentner, N. B., Skinner, C. H., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2006). The effects of multisensory imagery in conjunction with physical movement rehearsal on golf putting performance. Journal of Behavioral Education, 15, 247-255. doi:10.1007/s10864-006-9034-6
  • Post, P. G., Wrisberg, C. A., & Mullins, S. (2010). A field test of the influence of pre-game imagery on basketball free throw shooting. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 5(1).
  • Ramsey, R., Cumming, J., Edwards, M. G., Williams, S., & Brunning, C. (2010). Examining the emotion aspect of PETTLEP-based imagery with penalty taking in soccer. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(3), 295-314
  • Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 200–221.https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.2.200.
  • Robin, N., Dominique, L., Toussaint, L., Blandin, Y., Guillot, A., & Le Her, M. (2007). Effects of motor imagery training on service return accuracy in tennis: The role of imagery ability. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(2), 175-186. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2007.9671818
  • Robin N, Joblet E, Roublot E, & Cudyvelle, GR., (2020). The beneficial effect of combining feedback, observational learning and motor imagery on football pass performance. Motricidade; 16, 55–65.
  • Seif-Barghi, T., Kordi, R., Memari, A., AliMansournia, M., & Jalali-Ghomi, M. (2012). The effect of an ecological imagery program on soccer performance of elite players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 3(2), 81–89.
  • Shearer, D., Mellalieu, S., Shearer, C., & Roderique-Davies, G. (2009).The effects of a video-aided imagery intervention upon collective ef-ficacy in an international paralympic wheelchair basketball team. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 4, 1-25.
  • Sherwood D. E., & Lee T. D. (2003) Schema theory: Critical review and implications for the role of cognition in a new theory of motor learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 74(4), 376–382.
  • Smith, D., Wright, C. J., & Cantwell, C. (2008). Beating the bunker: The effect of PETTLEP imagery on golf bunker shot performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 3, 386-391.
  • Sodiya, O. O., & Syed Ali, S. K. B., (2018). Result of mental imagery and demonstration intervention on primary four pupil’s acquisition of soccer dribbling skills. International Journal of Science and Research, 7(8), 1466- 1477.
  • Sosovec, L. G. (2004). Internal visual imagery and its effect on penalty kicks soccer. Master Thesis. South Dakota State University.
  • Taktek, K. (2004). The effects of mental imagery on the acquisition of motor skills and performance: A literature review with theoretical implications. Journal of Mental Imagery, 3, 79-114.
  • Thelwell, R., Greenlees, I., & Weston, N. (2006). Using psychological skills training to develop soccer performance. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,18, 254-270.
  • Thelwell, R. C., Greenlees, I. A., & Weston, N. J. (2010). Examining the use of psychological skills throughout soccer performance. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(1), 109–127.
  • Veraksa, A. N., Gorovaya, A. E., Leonov, S. V., Pashenko, A. K., & Fedorov, V. V. (2012). The possibility of using sign and symbolic tools in the development of motor skills by beginning soccer players. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 5, 473–497. https://doi.org/10.11621/pir.2012.0030
  • Veraksa, A., & Gorovaya, A., (2012). Imagery training efficacy among novice soccer players. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33(2012) 338 –342.
  • Wilson, P. H., Thomas, P. R., & Maruff, P. (2002). Motor imagery training ameliorates motor clumsiness in children. Journal of Child Neurology, 17, 491-498. doi:10.1177/088307380201700704

Futbolda Motor Becerinin Öğrenilmesinde Kombine Zihinsel ve Fiziksel Antrenmanın Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 1249 - 1261, 28.12.2023

Bülent Okan Miçooğulları Damjan Jaksic Patrik Drid

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1356122

Öz

Zihinsel imgeleme, insan hareket sisteminde önemli bir unsurdur. Spor psikolojisi literatüründeki araştırmalar, motor imgeleme (zihinsel pratik) ile antrenmanın, hedefe yönelik hareketlerin planlanması ve yürütülmesinde motor performansın iyileştirilmesi için etkili bir strateji olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, zihinsel ve fiziksel antrenmanı birleştirmenin futbolda karmaşık bir motor becerinin (kafa vuruşu) öğrenilmesi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Çalışmaya Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor bölümünden beden eğitimi ve zihinsel antrenman ya da sadece beden eğitimi derslerine rastgele atanan 40 öğrenci (18 kadın, 22 erkek) katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Hareket İmgeleminin Canlılığı Anketi-2 (VMIQ-2; Roberts ve ark., 2008) ve video analiz prosedürü kullanılmıştır. Araştırma problemine bağlı olarak Tekrarlı Ölçüm ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Motor performans, sekiz haftalık bir eğitim dönemi öncesinde ve sonrasında değerlendirilmiştir. Motor öğrenme performansını değerlendirmek için, üç bağımsız uzman değerlendirici tarafından her iki koşulda da eğitimden önce ve sonra motor görev üzerinde bir video analizi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular, zihinsel imgeleme uygulamasının zamanlama ve koordinasyonu geliştirdiğini ve bu müdahalenin karmaşık motor becerilerin eğitiminde potansiyel etkinliğini gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Çalışmanın sonuçları, motor performans gelişimlerini değerlendirmek için video tabanlı hareket analizi kullanmanın uygulanabilirliğini ve doğruluğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motor İmgeleme Motor Beceri Motor Öğrenme

Kaynakça

  • Brouziyne, M., & Molinaro, C. (2005). Mental imagery combined with physical practice of approach shots for golf beginners. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 101(1), 203-211. doi: 10.2466/PMS.101.5.203-211
  • Coelho, R.W., De Campos, W., Da Silva, S.G., Okazaki, F.H., & Keller, B. (2007). Imagery intervention in open and closed tennis motor skill performance, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 105, 458-468.
  • Cumming, J., & Williams, S.E. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences, 82, 69-81. doi: 10.1051/sm/2013098
  • Decety, J., Jeannerod, M., Germain, M., & Pastene, J. (1991). Vegetative response during imagined movement is proportional to mental effort. Behavioural Brain Research, 42, 1-5.
  • Di Rienzo, F., Blache, Y., Kanthack, T. F. D., Monteil, K., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2015). Short-term effects of integrated motor imagery practice on muscle activation and force performance. Neuroscience, 305, 146–156. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.080.
  • Driskell, J. E., Copper, C., & Moran, A. (1994). Does mental practice enhance performance? Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 481-492. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.481
  • Doussoulin, A., & Rehbein, L. (2011). Motor imagery as a tool for skill training in children, Motricidade, 7, 37-43.
  • Feltz, D. L., & Landers, D. M. (1983). The effects of mental practice on motor skill learning and performance: A meta-analyses. Journal of Sport Psychology, 5(1), 25-57. doi: 10.1123/jsp.5.1.25
  • Frank, C., Land, W. M., & Schack, T. (2016). Perceptual-cognitive changes during motor learning: the influence of mental and physical practice on mental representation, gaze behavior, and performance of a complex action. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01981
  • Gaggioli A., Morganti L., Mondoni M., & Antonietti A. (2013). Benefits of combined mental and physical training in learning a complex motor skill in basketball. Psychology, 4, 1–6. doi: 10.4236/psych.2013.49A2001
  • Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the Motor Imagery Integrative Model in sport: A review and theoretical investigation of motor imagery use. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 31-44. doi: 10.1080/17509840701823139
  • Guillot, A., Moschberger, K., & Collet, C. (2013). Coupling movement with imagery as a new perspective for motor imagery practice. Behavioral and Brain Functions, 9(1), 8. doi: 10.1186/1744-9081- 9-8
  • Hall, C., Mack, D.E., Paivio, A., & Hausenblas, H.A. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29(1), 73-89
  • Hammond, T., Gregg, M., Hrycaiko, D., Mactavish, J., & Leslie-Toogood, A. (2012). The effects of a motivational general-mastery imagery intervention on the imagery ability and sport confidence of inter-collegiate golfers. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 7(1), Article 3. doi: 10.1515/1932-0191.1066
  • Hegazy, K. (2012). The effect of mental training on precision tasks in tennis and soccer. A Study on Educational Technology. Ph.D. Thesis, Konstanz: University of Konstanz.
  • Ingram, T. G., Kraeutner, S. N., Solomon, J. P., Westwood, D. A., & Boe, S. G. (2016). Skill acquisition via motor imagery relies on both motor and perceptual learning. Behavior Neuroscience, 130, 252–260. doi:10.1037/bne0000126
  • Jackson, P. L., Lafleur, M. F., Malouin, F., Richards, C. L., & Doyon, J. (2003). Functional cerebral re-organization following motor sequence learning through mental practice with motor imagery. Neuroimage, 20, 1171-1180. doi:10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00369-0
  • Jeannerod, M. (1994). The representing brain: Neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 17,1 87-245. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00034026
  • Johnson-Frey, S. H. (2003). What’s so special about human tool use? Neuron, 39, 201–204.
  • Jordet, G. (2005). Perceptual training in soccer: an imagery intervention study with elite players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 140–156
  • Karni, A., Meyer, G., Jezzard, P., Adams, M. M., Turner, R., & Unger-leider, L.G. (1995). Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning. Nature, 377, 155-158.
  • Kim, T., Frank, C., & Schack, T. (2017). A systematic investigation of the effect of action observation training and motor imagery training on the development of mental representation structure and skill performance. Frontier in Human Neuroscience, 11, 499. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00499
  • Lang, P. J. (1979). A bio-informational theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495-512.
  • Louis, M., Guillot, A., Maton, S., Doyon, C., & Collet, C. (2008). Effect of imagined movement speed on subsequent motor performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 40, 117-132.
  • Miller, K. J., Schalk, G., Fetz, E., den Nijs, M., Ojemann, J., & Rao, R. (2010). Cortical activity during motor execution, motor imagery, and imagery-based online feedback. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 4430-4435
  • Olsson, C. J., Jonsson, B., & Nyberg, L. (2008). Internal imagery training in active high jumpers. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49,133-140.
  • Pearson, J., Naselaris, T., Holmes, E. A., & Kosslyn, S. M. (2015). Mental imagery: Functional mechanisms and clinical applications. Trends Cognition in Sciences, 19(10), 590–602. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.003
  • Peynircioglu, Z. F., Thompson, J. L. W., & Tanielan, T. B. (2000). Improvement strategies in free-throw shooting and grip-strength task.The Journal of General Psychology, 127, 145-156.
  • Ploszay, A. J., Gentner, N. B., Skinner, C. H., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2006). The effects of multisensory imagery in conjunction with physical movement rehearsal on golf putting performance. Journal of Behavioral Education, 15, 247-255. doi:10.1007/s10864-006-9034-6
  • Post, P. G., Wrisberg, C. A., & Mullins, S. (2010). A field test of the influence of pre-game imagery on basketball free throw shooting. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 5(1).
  • Ramsey, R., Cumming, J., Edwards, M. G., Williams, S., & Brunning, C. (2010). Examining the emotion aspect of PETTLEP-based imagery with penalty taking in soccer. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(3), 295-314
  • Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 200–221.https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.2.200.
  • Robin, N., Dominique, L., Toussaint, L., Blandin, Y., Guillot, A., & Le Her, M. (2007). Effects of motor imagery training on service return accuracy in tennis: The role of imagery ability. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(2), 175-186. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2007.9671818
  • Robin N, Joblet E, Roublot E, & Cudyvelle, GR., (2020). The beneficial effect of combining feedback, observational learning and motor imagery on football pass performance. Motricidade; 16, 55–65.
  • Seif-Barghi, T., Kordi, R., Memari, A., AliMansournia, M., & Jalali-Ghomi, M. (2012). The effect of an ecological imagery program on soccer performance of elite players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 3(2), 81–89.
  • Shearer, D., Mellalieu, S., Shearer, C., & Roderique-Davies, G. (2009).The effects of a video-aided imagery intervention upon collective ef-ficacy in an international paralympic wheelchair basketball team. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 4, 1-25.
  • Sherwood D. E., & Lee T. D. (2003) Schema theory: Critical review and implications for the role of cognition in a new theory of motor learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 74(4), 376–382.
  • Smith, D., Wright, C. J., & Cantwell, C. (2008). Beating the bunker: The effect of PETTLEP imagery on golf bunker shot performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 3, 386-391.
  • Sodiya, O. O., & Syed Ali, S. K. B., (2018). Result of mental imagery and demonstration intervention on primary four pupil’s acquisition of soccer dribbling skills. International Journal of Science and Research, 7(8), 1466- 1477.
  • Sosovec, L. G. (2004). Internal visual imagery and its effect on penalty kicks soccer. Master Thesis. South Dakota State University.
  • Taktek, K. (2004). The effects of mental imagery on the acquisition of motor skills and performance: A literature review with theoretical implications. Journal of Mental Imagery, 3, 79-114.
  • Thelwell, R., Greenlees, I., & Weston, N. (2006). Using psychological skills training to develop soccer performance. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,18, 254-270.
  • Thelwell, R. C., Greenlees, I. A., & Weston, N. J. (2010). Examining the use of psychological skills throughout soccer performance. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(1), 109–127.
  • Veraksa, A. N., Gorovaya, A. E., Leonov, S. V., Pashenko, A. K., & Fedorov, V. V. (2012). The possibility of using sign and symbolic tools in the development of motor skills by beginning soccer players. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 5, 473–497. https://doi.org/10.11621/pir.2012.0030
  • Veraksa, A., & Gorovaya, A., (2012). Imagery training efficacy among novice soccer players. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33(2012) 338 –342.
  • Wilson, P. H., Thomas, P. R., & Maruff, P. (2002). Motor imagery training ameliorates motor clumsiness in children. Journal of Child Neurology, 17, 491-498. doi:10.1177/088307380201700704
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Motor Kontrol
Bölüm Arşiv
Yazarlar

Bülent Okan Miçooğulları 0000-0001-5258-5766

Damjan Jaksic 0000-0002-2278-0111

Patrik Drid 0000-0003-2683-1382

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Eylül 2023
Kabul Tarihi 22 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Miçooğulları, B. O., Jaksic, D., & Drid, P. (2023). Assessment of Integrating Mental and Physical Training for Skill Acquisition in Football. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(4), 1249-1261. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1356122
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