BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

FARKLI BRANŞLARDA OKUL TAKIMLARINDA YER ALAN ORTAÖĞRETİM ÖĞRENCİLERİN SPORA KATILIM MOTİVASYONLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 157 - 166, 01.04.2014

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Ankara ili merkez ilçelerdeki ortaöğretim okullarında öğrenim gören ve okul takımlarında yer alan öğrencilerin, cinsiyet ve katıldıkları spor dallarına göre spora katılım motivasyonlarını ve motivasyon puanları arasında fark olup olmadığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, 52 farklı ortaöğretim okulundan n9.sınıf: 139, n10.sınıf: 118, n11.sınıf: 90, n12.sınıf: 31 278 x yaş= 15.85±0.92 erkek ve 100 x yaş= 15.77±0.95 kız toplam 378 öğrenci x yaş= 15.83 ± 0.93 gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. “Spora Katılım Güdüsü Ölçeği” Gill, Gross ve Huddleston 1983 tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Oyar ve ark. 2001 tarafından Türk popülasyonuna uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Bireyin spora katılım nedenlerini içeren 30 madde ve 8 alt boyuttan oluşan bu ölçek çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, spora katılım motivasyonun da cinsiyet farklılığını test etmek için t Testi, spor dalları arasındaki farklılığı belirlemek için, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi Anova kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kız sporcularda spora katılımda en önemli nedenin “takım üyeliği/ruhu”, en önemsiz nedenin “arkadaşlık” olduğu; erkek sporcularda en önemli nedenin “beceri gelişimi”, en önemsiz nedenin “arkadaşlık” olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırmaya katılan ortaöğretim sporcularının spora katılım motivasyonlarında cinsiyet farklılığında, kız ve erkek sporcular arasında “eğlence” alt boyutunda kız sporcuların lehine anlamlı bir fark gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca “başarı/statü”, “arkadaşlık” ve “eğlence” alt boyutlarında branşlar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Acar, Z. (2012). İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin Beden Eğitimi ve Ders Dışı Etkinliklere Katılım Motivasyonlarının İncelenmesi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara. [ In Turkish ]
  • 2. Arslan, Y. ve Altay, F. (2009). İlköğretim okul takımlarındaki erkek öğrencilerin spora katılım güdülerinin incelenmesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2),59-66. [ In Turkish ]
  • 4. Bakker, F.C., Whiting,H.T.A., Van Der Brug, H., Sport Psychology: Concepts and Applications, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1990.
  • 5. Bartle,L.P., Malkin, M.J., “The motivation to move”. Parks & Recreation, 35(1), 28-36, 2000.
  • 6. Bayar P., Sporda Psiko-Sosyal Alanlar Seminer Kitabı, 7-8 Haziran, Ankara, 1997. [ In Turkish ]
  • 7. Biddle,S. J.H., Mutrie, N., Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions. London: Routledge. 2001.
  • 8. Bouchard, C., Shephard, R., Stephens, T., The consensus statement. In C. Bouchard, R. Shephard, & T. Stephens (Eds.), Physical activity, fitness and health international proceedings and consensus statement (pp.3-28). Champaingn, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1994.
  • 9. Buonamano, R., Cei, A., Mussino, A., “Participation motivation in Italian youth sport”. Sport Psychologist, 9, pp. 265-281, 1995.
  • 10. Cervello, E.M., Santos-Rosa, F.J., “Motivation in sport: An achievement goal perspective in young Spanish recreational athletes”. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 92(2), pp. 527, 2001.
  • 11. Duda, J.L., Hall, H.K., Achievement goal theory in sport: Recent extensions and future directions. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds). Handbook of Research in Sport Psychology, 2nd Ed., 417-434, New York: John Wiley&Sons. Inc., 2001.
  • 12. Dwyer J.J.M., “Internal Structure of Participation Motivation Questionnaire Completed by Undergraduates”. Psyhological Reports, 70, 283-290, 1992.
  • 13. Erkan, N. Yaşam Boyu Spor Nedir? Türkiye ve Olimpiyat Sempozyumu, Ankara: GSGM;1994. [ In Turkish ]
  • 14. Flood, S.E., Hellsdetd, J.C., “Gender differences in motivation of intercollegiate athletic participation”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 14, pp. 159, 1991.
  • 15. Gill, D.L., Deeter, T.E., “Development of the sport orientation questionnaire”, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 59(3), pp.191-202, 1988.
  • 16. Gill, D.L., Gross J.B., Huddleston, S., “Participation motivation in young sports”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 14, pp. 1- 14, 1983.
  • 17. Gill, K., Overdorf, V., “Incentives to exercise in younger and older women”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 17, pp. 87-89, 1994.
  • 18. Gould D. Sport psychology in the 1980s: Status, direction and challenge in youth sport research. J Sport Psychol 1982; 4: 126-40.
  • 19. Gould, D., Feltz, D., Weiss, M., “Motives for participation in competitive youth swimming”. International Journal of Sport Psychology,16, pp. 126- 140, 1985.
  • 21. Klint K, Weiss M. Perceived competence and motives for participating in youth sports: A test of Harter's competence motivation theory. J Sport Psychol 1987; 9: 55-65.
  • 22. Koivula, N., “Sport participation: Differences in motivatiom and actual participation due to gender typing”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 22, pp. 360-381, 1999.
  • 23. Kolt, G., Kirby, R., Bar-Eli, M., Blumenstein, B., Chadha, N.K., Liu, J., Kerr, G., “A crosscultural investigation of reasons for participation in gymnastics”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 30, pp. 381-398, 1999.
  • 24. Lee M.J., Whitehead J., and Balchin N., “The Measurement of Values in Youth Sport: Development of the Youth Sport Values Questionnaire”, Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 22, 307-326, 2000.
  • 25. Lindner, K.J., Kerr, J.H., “Predictability of sport participation motivation from metamotivational dominances and orientations”. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, pp. 759-773, 2001.
  • 26. Mota, J., Esculcas, C., “Leisure-time physical activity behavior: structured and unstructured choices according to sex, age, and level of physical activity”. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 9(2) pp. 111-122, 2002.
  • 27. Ntoumanis, N., Mallett, C. J. (2014). Motivation in Sport. Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology. A. G. Papaioannou and D. Hackfort (Ed.), By Routledge, New York. p. 69.
  • 28. Oyar, Z.B., Aşçı, F.H., Çelebi, M., Mülazımoğlu, Ö. (2001). Spora katılım güdüsü ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 12 (2), 21-
  • 29. Ryan R.M., Frederick C.M., Lepes D., Rubio N., and Sheldon, K.M., “Intrinsic Motivation and Exercise Adherence”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 28, pp. 335-354, 1997.
  • 30. Ryan, R.M., Deci, E.L., “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions”. Contemporary Educational Psychology 25, 54–67, 2000.
  • 31. Ryska, T.A., “Spormanship in young athletes: The role of competitiveness, motivational orientation, and perceived purposes of spot”. The Journal of Psychology,137(3), pp. 273-292. 2003.
  • 32. Ryska, T.A., Hohensee, D., Cooley, D., Jones, C., “Participation motives in predicting sport dropout”. North American Journal of Psychology,4; pp. 199-209, 2002.
  • 33. Sallis, J.F., Alcaraz, J.E., McKenzie, T.L., Hovell, M.F., “Predictors of change in children’s physical activity over 20 months. Variations by gender and level of adiposity”. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 16, pp. 222-229, 1999.
  • 34. Sapp M, Haubenstricker J. Motivation for joining and reasons for not continuing in youth sports programs in Michigan. The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance National Conference, Kansas City, Missouri. April 7; 1978.
  • 35. Scanlan, T. K., Stein, G.L., Ravizza, K., “An indepth study of former elite figure skaters: II. Sources of enjoyment. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology”, 11, pp. 65-83, 1989.
  • 36. Sit CH, Lindner KJ. Situational state balances and participation motivation in youth sport: Areversal theory perspective. Br J Educ Psychol 2006; 76: 369- 84.
  • 37. Steptoe, A., Butler, N., “Sports participation and emotional wellbeing in adolescents”. The Lancet, 347(9018), pp. 1789-1792, 1996.
  • 38. Şirin, E.F., Çağlayan, H.S., Çetin, M.Ç., İnce,A. (2008). Spor yapan lise öğrencilerinin spora katılım motivasyonlarına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt2, Sayı2. [ In Turkish ]
  • 39. Wallhead TL, Ntoumanis N. Effects of a sport education intervention on students’ motivation responses in physical education. J Teach Phys Educ 2004; 23 (1): 5-11.
  • 40. Wang, C.K.J., Biddle, S.J.H., “Intrinsic motivation towards sports in Singaporean students: The role of sport ability beliefs”. Journal of Health Psychology, 8, pp. 515-523, 2004.
  • 41. Wang, J., Wiese-Bjornstal, D.M., “The relationship of school type and gender to motives for sport participation among youth in the People’s Republic of China”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 28, pp. 13-24, 1997.
  • 42. Wankel L.M., and Kreisel P.S.J., “Factors Underlying Enjoyment of Youth Sports: Sport and Age Group Comparisons”, Journal of Sport Psychology, 7, 51- 64, 1985.
  • 43. Wankel L.M., and Kreisel P.S.J., “Methodological Considerations in Youth Sport Motivation Research: A Comparison of Open-Ended and Paired Comparison Approaches”, Journal of Sport Psychology, 7, 65-74, 1985.
  • 44. Wann, D.L., Sport psychology. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pretice-Hall. pp. 158-183, 1997.
  • 45. Weiss M.R., “Motivating Kids in Physical Activity”, The President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports Research Digest, 3 (11), 1-8, 2000.
  • 46. Weiss MR, Chaumeton N. Motivational Orientations in Sport. In: Horn TS, ed. Advances in Sport Psychology. Champaign: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 61-91.
  • 47. White, S.A., Duda, J.L., “The relationship of gender,level of sport involvement,and participation motivation to task and ego orientation”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 25, pp. 4-18, 1994.
  • 48. Yan JH, Penny M. Cultural influence in youth’s motivation on physical activity. J Sport Behav. 2004; 27: Issue 4.
  • 49. Yılmaz, V., Koruç, Z., Kocaekşi, S., Arsan, N. (2010). Çocukların Spora Katılım Nedenleri 11.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi.10- 12 Ekim, Antalya. [ In Turkish ]

A STUDY INTO THE SPORTS PARTICIPATION MOTIVATION OF THE SECONDARY SCHOOLSTUDENTS IN SCHOOL TEAMS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPORTS

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 157 - 166, 01.04.2014

Öz

This study aims to find out whether there is a difference, based on gender and the types of sports, between sports participation motivation and the motivation scores of the students attending secondary schools in the central districts of Ankara and playing in school teams. 378 students Xage= 15.83 ± 0.93 , consisting of 278 males X age= 15.85±0.92 and 100 females Xage= 15.77±0.95 , from 52 different secondary schools n9.class: 139, n10.class: 118, n11.class: 90, n12.class: 31 voluntarily participated in the study. The study used “The Sports Participation Motivation Questionnaire” 1983 , which developed by Gill, Gross and Huddleston and adapted to Turkish by Oyar et all 2001 . The questionnaire, consisting of 30 items and 8 subscales including the reasons why individuals participate in sports, was used as the data collection tool. t test was used to analyze the gender difference in sports participation motivation and One-Way Variance Analysis Anova was used to determine the difference between the types of sports. Consequently, it was found out that among the girls the most important reason for the participation in sports was “team spirit” and the least important reason was “friendship” and among the boys the most important reason was “skill improvement” while the least important reason was “friendship”. The analysis to test the gender differences in sports participation among secondary school athletes, indicated a significant difference between girls and boys in favour of the former group for the subscale “fun”. In addition, it was found out there were significant differences between the types of sports in the subscales “success/status”, “friendship” and “fun”

Kaynakça

  • 1. Acar, Z. (2012). İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin Beden Eğitimi ve Ders Dışı Etkinliklere Katılım Motivasyonlarının İncelenmesi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara. [ In Turkish ]
  • 2. Arslan, Y. ve Altay, F. (2009). İlköğretim okul takımlarındaki erkek öğrencilerin spora katılım güdülerinin incelenmesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2),59-66. [ In Turkish ]
  • 4. Bakker, F.C., Whiting,H.T.A., Van Der Brug, H., Sport Psychology: Concepts and Applications, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1990.
  • 5. Bartle,L.P., Malkin, M.J., “The motivation to move”. Parks & Recreation, 35(1), 28-36, 2000.
  • 6. Bayar P., Sporda Psiko-Sosyal Alanlar Seminer Kitabı, 7-8 Haziran, Ankara, 1997. [ In Turkish ]
  • 7. Biddle,S. J.H., Mutrie, N., Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions. London: Routledge. 2001.
  • 8. Bouchard, C., Shephard, R., Stephens, T., The consensus statement. In C. Bouchard, R. Shephard, & T. Stephens (Eds.), Physical activity, fitness and health international proceedings and consensus statement (pp.3-28). Champaingn, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1994.
  • 9. Buonamano, R., Cei, A., Mussino, A., “Participation motivation in Italian youth sport”. Sport Psychologist, 9, pp. 265-281, 1995.
  • 10. Cervello, E.M., Santos-Rosa, F.J., “Motivation in sport: An achievement goal perspective in young Spanish recreational athletes”. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 92(2), pp. 527, 2001.
  • 11. Duda, J.L., Hall, H.K., Achievement goal theory in sport: Recent extensions and future directions. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds). Handbook of Research in Sport Psychology, 2nd Ed., 417-434, New York: John Wiley&Sons. Inc., 2001.
  • 12. Dwyer J.J.M., “Internal Structure of Participation Motivation Questionnaire Completed by Undergraduates”. Psyhological Reports, 70, 283-290, 1992.
  • 13. Erkan, N. Yaşam Boyu Spor Nedir? Türkiye ve Olimpiyat Sempozyumu, Ankara: GSGM;1994. [ In Turkish ]
  • 14. Flood, S.E., Hellsdetd, J.C., “Gender differences in motivation of intercollegiate athletic participation”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 14, pp. 159, 1991.
  • 15. Gill, D.L., Deeter, T.E., “Development of the sport orientation questionnaire”, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 59(3), pp.191-202, 1988.
  • 16. Gill, D.L., Gross J.B., Huddleston, S., “Participation motivation in young sports”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 14, pp. 1- 14, 1983.
  • 17. Gill, K., Overdorf, V., “Incentives to exercise in younger and older women”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 17, pp. 87-89, 1994.
  • 18. Gould D. Sport psychology in the 1980s: Status, direction and challenge in youth sport research. J Sport Psychol 1982; 4: 126-40.
  • 19. Gould, D., Feltz, D., Weiss, M., “Motives for participation in competitive youth swimming”. International Journal of Sport Psychology,16, pp. 126- 140, 1985.
  • 21. Klint K, Weiss M. Perceived competence and motives for participating in youth sports: A test of Harter's competence motivation theory. J Sport Psychol 1987; 9: 55-65.
  • 22. Koivula, N., “Sport participation: Differences in motivatiom and actual participation due to gender typing”. Journal of Sport Behavior, 22, pp. 360-381, 1999.
  • 23. Kolt, G., Kirby, R., Bar-Eli, M., Blumenstein, B., Chadha, N.K., Liu, J., Kerr, G., “A crosscultural investigation of reasons for participation in gymnastics”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 30, pp. 381-398, 1999.
  • 24. Lee M.J., Whitehead J., and Balchin N., “The Measurement of Values in Youth Sport: Development of the Youth Sport Values Questionnaire”, Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 22, 307-326, 2000.
  • 25. Lindner, K.J., Kerr, J.H., “Predictability of sport participation motivation from metamotivational dominances and orientations”. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, pp. 759-773, 2001.
  • 26. Mota, J., Esculcas, C., “Leisure-time physical activity behavior: structured and unstructured choices according to sex, age, and level of physical activity”. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 9(2) pp. 111-122, 2002.
  • 27. Ntoumanis, N., Mallett, C. J. (2014). Motivation in Sport. Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology. A. G. Papaioannou and D. Hackfort (Ed.), By Routledge, New York. p. 69.
  • 28. Oyar, Z.B., Aşçı, F.H., Çelebi, M., Mülazımoğlu, Ö. (2001). Spora katılım güdüsü ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 12 (2), 21-
  • 29. Ryan R.M., Frederick C.M., Lepes D., Rubio N., and Sheldon, K.M., “Intrinsic Motivation and Exercise Adherence”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 28, pp. 335-354, 1997.
  • 30. Ryan, R.M., Deci, E.L., “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions”. Contemporary Educational Psychology 25, 54–67, 2000.
  • 31. Ryska, T.A., “Spormanship in young athletes: The role of competitiveness, motivational orientation, and perceived purposes of spot”. The Journal of Psychology,137(3), pp. 273-292. 2003.
  • 32. Ryska, T.A., Hohensee, D., Cooley, D., Jones, C., “Participation motives in predicting sport dropout”. North American Journal of Psychology,4; pp. 199-209, 2002.
  • 33. Sallis, J.F., Alcaraz, J.E., McKenzie, T.L., Hovell, M.F., “Predictors of change in children’s physical activity over 20 months. Variations by gender and level of adiposity”. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 16, pp. 222-229, 1999.
  • 34. Sapp M, Haubenstricker J. Motivation for joining and reasons for not continuing in youth sports programs in Michigan. The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance National Conference, Kansas City, Missouri. April 7; 1978.
  • 35. Scanlan, T. K., Stein, G.L., Ravizza, K., “An indepth study of former elite figure skaters: II. Sources of enjoyment. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology”, 11, pp. 65-83, 1989.
  • 36. Sit CH, Lindner KJ. Situational state balances and participation motivation in youth sport: Areversal theory perspective. Br J Educ Psychol 2006; 76: 369- 84.
  • 37. Steptoe, A., Butler, N., “Sports participation and emotional wellbeing in adolescents”. The Lancet, 347(9018), pp. 1789-1792, 1996.
  • 38. Şirin, E.F., Çağlayan, H.S., Çetin, M.Ç., İnce,A. (2008). Spor yapan lise öğrencilerinin spora katılım motivasyonlarına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt2, Sayı2. [ In Turkish ]
  • 39. Wallhead TL, Ntoumanis N. Effects of a sport education intervention on students’ motivation responses in physical education. J Teach Phys Educ 2004; 23 (1): 5-11.
  • 40. Wang, C.K.J., Biddle, S.J.H., “Intrinsic motivation towards sports in Singaporean students: The role of sport ability beliefs”. Journal of Health Psychology, 8, pp. 515-523, 2004.
  • 41. Wang, J., Wiese-Bjornstal, D.M., “The relationship of school type and gender to motives for sport participation among youth in the People’s Republic of China”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 28, pp. 13-24, 1997.
  • 42. Wankel L.M., and Kreisel P.S.J., “Factors Underlying Enjoyment of Youth Sports: Sport and Age Group Comparisons”, Journal of Sport Psychology, 7, 51- 64, 1985.
  • 43. Wankel L.M., and Kreisel P.S.J., “Methodological Considerations in Youth Sport Motivation Research: A Comparison of Open-Ended and Paired Comparison Approaches”, Journal of Sport Psychology, 7, 65-74, 1985.
  • 44. Wann, D.L., Sport psychology. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pretice-Hall. pp. 158-183, 1997.
  • 45. Weiss M.R., “Motivating Kids in Physical Activity”, The President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports Research Digest, 3 (11), 1-8, 2000.
  • 46. Weiss MR, Chaumeton N. Motivational Orientations in Sport. In: Horn TS, ed. Advances in Sport Psychology. Champaign: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 61-91.
  • 47. White, S.A., Duda, J.L., “The relationship of gender,level of sport involvement,and participation motivation to task and ego orientation”. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 25, pp. 4-18, 1994.
  • 48. Yan JH, Penny M. Cultural influence in youth’s motivation on physical activity. J Sport Behav. 2004; 27: Issue 4.
  • 49. Yılmaz, V., Koruç, Z., Kocaekşi, S., Arsan, N. (2010). Çocukların Spora Katılım Nedenleri 11.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi.10- 12 Ekim, Antalya. [ In Turkish ]
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Murat Erdoğdu Bu kişi benim

Erkan Faruk Şirin Bu kişi benim

Alparslan İnce Bu kişi benim

Mehmet Öçalan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdoğdu, M., Şirin, E. F., İnce, A., Öçalan, M. (2014). A STUDY INTO THE SPORTS PARTICIPATION MOTIVATION OF THE SECONDARY SCHOOLSTUDENTS IN SCHOOL TEAMS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPORTS. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 157-166.

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