Öz
The built environment should be re-evaluated in the context of Covid-19 pandemic for preventing the spread of the virus. The study aims to reveal the issues that arise in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic at different scales of the built environment, from urban to interior scale and also to emphasize the importance of designing a sustainable environment by considering the lessons learned. The study highlights the significance of designing a sustainable environment by incorporating lessons learned from the pandemic experience. By investigating and highlighting these issues, the research aims to provide recommendations that can guide future efforts towards creating resilient and adaptive built environments. The method of the study is based on the critical review of the published studies on the issue between April 2020-April 2022 and observations on user experiences. The findings of the study highlight the necessity of further questioning the built environment in light of possible pandemics.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Covid-19 pandemic built environment design strategies urban-architecture-interior scale
Teşekkür
The article complies with national and international research and publication ethics. Ethics Committee approval was not required for the study.
Kaynakça
- Alraouf, A. A. (2021). The new normal or the forgotten normal: Contesting COVID-19 impact on contemporary architecture and urbanism, Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 15, no.1, pp. 167-188.
- Ateş, E. & Aksoy, F. (2020). Pandemi ve Tarihçesi, Aile Hekimliği ve COVID-19 Pandemisi, 1. Baskı, Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri, pp.1-4.
- Bachelard, G. (2013). Mekanın Poetikası, İthaki Yayınları, Çevirmen: Alp Tümertekin.
- Berg, R. (2020). How will Covid-19 Affect Urban Planning?, Access Address (18.10.2021): https://thecityfix.com/blog/will-covid-19-affect-urban-planning-rogier-van-den-berg
- Broo D. G., Lamb K., Ehwi R. J., Parn E., Koronaki A., Makri C. & Zomer, T. (2021). Built environment of Britain in 2040: Scenarios and strategies, Sustainable Cities and Societies, vol. 65.
- Cheshmehzangi, A. (2021). Revisiting the Built Environment: 10 Potential Development Changes and Paradigm Shifts due to COVID-19”, vol. 10, pp. 166-175.
- Corbera, E., Anguelovski, I., Honey-Rosés, J. & Ruiz-Mallén, I. (2020). Academia in the time of COVID-19: Developing an ethics of care. Planning Theory & Practice, vol. 21, no. 2, pp.191-199, DOI:10.1080/14649357.2020.1757891
- Edgars, P. (2020). Smart and sustainable local communities in global Covid-19 pandemic conditions, Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Landscape Architecture and Art, vol. 17, no. 17.
- Eltarabily, S. & Elgheznawy, D. (2020). Post-pandemic cities – the impact of COVID-19 on cities and urban design, Architecture Research, vol. 10 no. 3, pp. 75-84.
- Fezi, B. A. (2020). Health engaged architecture in the context of Covid-19”, Journal of Green Building, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 185–212.
- Frumkin, H. (2021). Covid-19, Built environment and health. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 129, no. 7.
- Guida, C. & Carpentieri, G. (2021). Quality of life in the urban environment and primary health services for the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic: An application to the city of Milan (Italy), Cities, vol. 110.
- Haas, M., Faber, R. & Hamersma, M. (2020). How Covid-19 and the Dutch ‘Intelligent Lockdown’ change activities, work and travel behaviour: Evidence from longitudinal data in the Netherlands, Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 6.
- Honey-Rosés, J., Anguelovski, I., Chireh, V. K., Daher, C., Konijnendijk van den Bosch, C., Litt, J. S., Mawani, V., McCall, M. K., Orellana, A., Oscilowicz, E. & Sánchez, U. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Public Space: An Early Review of the Emerging Questions – Design, Perceptions and Inequities, Cities & Health, vol. 5, no. s1, pp. 263- 279, DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2020.1780074
- Kelly, C. & Mouritz, L. (2020). The accelerated smart (-ification) of cities post-COVID-19, Landscape Architecture Frontiers, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 180-187.
- Maturana B., Salama A. M. & McInneny A. (2021). Architecture, urbanism and health in a post-pandemic virtual world, Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 15, no:1, pp. 1-9.
- Megahed, N. A. & Ghoneim, E. M. (2020). Antivirus-built Environment: Lessons Learned from Covid-19 Pandemic, Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 61.
- Nahiduzzaman K. M. & Lai, S. K. (2020). What does the global pandemic COVID-19 teach us? Some reflections, Journal of Urban Management, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 262-263.
- Navaratnam, S., Nguyen, K., Selvaranjan, K., Zhang, G., Mendis, P. & Aye, L. (2022). Designing post COVID-19 buildings: Approaches for achieving healthy buildings, Buildings, vol.12, no.1, Access Address (12.12.2022): https:// doi.org/10.3390/buildings1201007
- Porter, P. F. G. (2021). Modern collective housing of modernity in times of Covid-19. contributions of the housing paradigm, Arquitecturas Del Sur, vol. 39, no. 59, pp. 28-43, DOI:10.22320/07196466.2021.39.059.02
- Rassia, S. T. (2020). How Architecture Fails in Conditions of Crisis: A Discussion on the Value of Interior Design over the COVID-19 Outbreak, SN Operations Research Forum, SN Operations Research Forum, vol. 1, pp. 1-3., Springer International Publishing.
- Sennett, R. (2018). Building and Dwelling: Ethics for the City, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
- Sharifi, A. & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic: impacts on the cities and major lessons for urban planning, design and management, Science of the Total Environment, vol. 749.
- Signorelli, C., Capolongo, S., Alessandro, D. & Fara, G. M. (2020). The Homes in the COVID-19 Era. How Their Use and Values are Changing, Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis, vol. 91, no.9, pp. 92-94.
- Spennemen, D. H. (2021). Residential architecture in a post-pandemic world: Implications of Covid-19 for new construction and for adapting heritage buildings, Journal of Green Building, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 199–215.
- Spennemen, D. H. (2021). Residential architecture in a post-pandemic world: Implications of Covid-19 for new construction and for adapting heritage buildings, Journal of Green Building, vol.16, no. 1.
- Taheri, H. & Rider, T. R. (2022). A Review on architectural guidelines to safely reopen buildings in light of COVID- 19 in the United States: Establishing Future Research Opportunities, Architectural Science Review, vol. 65, no.2, pp. 147-161, DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2038538
- Tokazhanov, G., Tleuken, A., Guney, M., Türkyılmaz, A. & Karaca, F. (2022). How is COVID-19 experience transforming sustainability requirements of residential buildings? A Review, Sustainability, vol. 12, no.20.
- Varlık, N. (2020). The plague that never left: Restoring the second pandemic to Ottoman and Turkish history in the time of Covid-19, New Perspectives on Turkey, vol. 63, pp. 176-189.
- Woolf, V. (2017). Kendine Ait Bir Oda, İndigo Yayınevi, Çevirmen: Ezgi Taboğlu Özkülahçı.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic, Access Address (01.02.2021): https://www.who.int/
Öz
Yapılı çevre, kullanıcıların potansiyel olarak enfekte olma durumları göz önünde bulundurularak Covid-19 pandemisi bağlamında yeniden değerlendirilmelidir. Pandemi veya bulaşıcı hastalıkların her an tekrar etmesi olasılığı öngörülerek yapılı çevrelerin yeniden düşünülmesi kaçınılmazdır. Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemisi bağlamında yapılı çevrelerdeki sorunları ortaya koymayı ve çıkarılan dersleri dikkate alarak sağlıklı ve sürdürülebilir bir çevre tasarlamanın önemini vurgulamayı, aynı zamanda pandemi sonrası dönem için ortaya konan konulara gelecek için öneriler geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, pandemi deneyiminden öğrenilen dersleri ışığında sürdürülebilir bir çevre tasarlamanın önemini vurgularken, dayanıklı ve uyarlanabilir yapılı çevreler oluşturmaya yönelik gelecekteki çabalara rehberlik edebilecek öneriler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın yöntemi, Nisan 2020 ile Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında bahsi edilen konuyla ilgili yayınlanmış çalışmaların eleştirel incelemesine dayandırılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, mevcut ve olası pandemilere karşı yapılı çevre tasarımlarının, belirtilen farklı boyutlarla, daha fazla sorgulanması gerekliliği vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, Covid-19 pandemisinden dersler çıkararak olası ihtiyaçlara göre tasarım stratejileri ile ilgili öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Covid-19 salgın yapılı çevre tasarım stratejileri kentsal-mimari-iç mimari ölçek
Kaynakça
- Alraouf, A. A. (2021). The new normal or the forgotten normal: Contesting COVID-19 impact on contemporary architecture and urbanism, Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 15, no.1, pp. 167-188.
- Ateş, E. & Aksoy, F. (2020). Pandemi ve Tarihçesi, Aile Hekimliği ve COVID-19 Pandemisi, 1. Baskı, Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri, pp.1-4.
- Bachelard, G. (2013). Mekanın Poetikası, İthaki Yayınları, Çevirmen: Alp Tümertekin.
- Berg, R. (2020). How will Covid-19 Affect Urban Planning?, Access Address (18.10.2021): https://thecityfix.com/blog/will-covid-19-affect-urban-planning-rogier-van-den-berg
- Broo D. G., Lamb K., Ehwi R. J., Parn E., Koronaki A., Makri C. & Zomer, T. (2021). Built environment of Britain in 2040: Scenarios and strategies, Sustainable Cities and Societies, vol. 65.
- Cheshmehzangi, A. (2021). Revisiting the Built Environment: 10 Potential Development Changes and Paradigm Shifts due to COVID-19”, vol. 10, pp. 166-175.
- Corbera, E., Anguelovski, I., Honey-Rosés, J. & Ruiz-Mallén, I. (2020). Academia in the time of COVID-19: Developing an ethics of care. Planning Theory & Practice, vol. 21, no. 2, pp.191-199, DOI:10.1080/14649357.2020.1757891
- Edgars, P. (2020). Smart and sustainable local communities in global Covid-19 pandemic conditions, Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Landscape Architecture and Art, vol. 17, no. 17.
- Eltarabily, S. & Elgheznawy, D. (2020). Post-pandemic cities – the impact of COVID-19 on cities and urban design, Architecture Research, vol. 10 no. 3, pp. 75-84.
- Fezi, B. A. (2020). Health engaged architecture in the context of Covid-19”, Journal of Green Building, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 185–212.
- Frumkin, H. (2021). Covid-19, Built environment and health. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 129, no. 7.
- Guida, C. & Carpentieri, G. (2021). Quality of life in the urban environment and primary health services for the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic: An application to the city of Milan (Italy), Cities, vol. 110.
- Haas, M., Faber, R. & Hamersma, M. (2020). How Covid-19 and the Dutch ‘Intelligent Lockdown’ change activities, work and travel behaviour: Evidence from longitudinal data in the Netherlands, Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 6.
- Honey-Rosés, J., Anguelovski, I., Chireh, V. K., Daher, C., Konijnendijk van den Bosch, C., Litt, J. S., Mawani, V., McCall, M. K., Orellana, A., Oscilowicz, E. & Sánchez, U. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Public Space: An Early Review of the Emerging Questions – Design, Perceptions and Inequities, Cities & Health, vol. 5, no. s1, pp. 263- 279, DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2020.1780074
- Kelly, C. & Mouritz, L. (2020). The accelerated smart (-ification) of cities post-COVID-19, Landscape Architecture Frontiers, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 180-187.
- Maturana B., Salama A. M. & McInneny A. (2021). Architecture, urbanism and health in a post-pandemic virtual world, Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 15, no:1, pp. 1-9.
- Megahed, N. A. & Ghoneim, E. M. (2020). Antivirus-built Environment: Lessons Learned from Covid-19 Pandemic, Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 61.
- Nahiduzzaman K. M. & Lai, S. K. (2020). What does the global pandemic COVID-19 teach us? Some reflections, Journal of Urban Management, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 262-263.
- Navaratnam, S., Nguyen, K., Selvaranjan, K., Zhang, G., Mendis, P. & Aye, L. (2022). Designing post COVID-19 buildings: Approaches for achieving healthy buildings, Buildings, vol.12, no.1, Access Address (12.12.2022): https:// doi.org/10.3390/buildings1201007
- Porter, P. F. G. (2021). Modern collective housing of modernity in times of Covid-19. contributions of the housing paradigm, Arquitecturas Del Sur, vol. 39, no. 59, pp. 28-43, DOI:10.22320/07196466.2021.39.059.02
- Rassia, S. T. (2020). How Architecture Fails in Conditions of Crisis: A Discussion on the Value of Interior Design over the COVID-19 Outbreak, SN Operations Research Forum, SN Operations Research Forum, vol. 1, pp. 1-3., Springer International Publishing.
- Sennett, R. (2018). Building and Dwelling: Ethics for the City, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
- Sharifi, A. & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic: impacts on the cities and major lessons for urban planning, design and management, Science of the Total Environment, vol. 749.
- Signorelli, C., Capolongo, S., Alessandro, D. & Fara, G. M. (2020). The Homes in the COVID-19 Era. How Their Use and Values are Changing, Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis, vol. 91, no.9, pp. 92-94.
- Spennemen, D. H. (2021). Residential architecture in a post-pandemic world: Implications of Covid-19 for new construction and for adapting heritage buildings, Journal of Green Building, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 199–215.
- Spennemen, D. H. (2021). Residential architecture in a post-pandemic world: Implications of Covid-19 for new construction and for adapting heritage buildings, Journal of Green Building, vol.16, no. 1.
- Taheri, H. & Rider, T. R. (2022). A Review on architectural guidelines to safely reopen buildings in light of COVID- 19 in the United States: Establishing Future Research Opportunities, Architectural Science Review, vol. 65, no.2, pp. 147-161, DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2038538
- Tokazhanov, G., Tleuken, A., Guney, M., Türkyılmaz, A. & Karaca, F. (2022). How is COVID-19 experience transforming sustainability requirements of residential buildings? A Review, Sustainability, vol. 12, no.20.
- Varlık, N. (2020). The plague that never left: Restoring the second pandemic to Ottoman and Turkish history in the time of Covid-19, New Perspectives on Turkey, vol. 63, pp. 176-189.
- Woolf, V. (2017). Kendine Ait Bir Oda, İndigo Yayınevi, Çevirmen: Ezgi Taboğlu Özkülahçı.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic, Access Address (01.02.2021): https://www.who.int/
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mimarlık |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Temmuz 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Mayıs 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1) |
