12 haftalık pilates mat egzersizinin 14-15 yaş voleybol kız öğrencilerinin bazı biyomotor özellikler ve teknik performans üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi
Öz
Bu
çalışmada, pilates mat egzersizlerinin genç voleybolcularda kuvvet,
dayanıklılık, sürat, patlayıcı kuvvet, süratte devamlılık, denge ve esneklik
özellikleri ile teknik performansları üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 14-15 yaşlarında 30 bayan voleybolcu gönüllü olarak
katılmıştır. Rastgele seçimle sporculardan 15’i deney grubu 15’i kontrol
grubunu oluşturmuşlardır. Deney grubu ve kontrol grubunun voleybol antrenman
günleri, antrenman içerikleri ve saatleri aynı olmuştur, deney grubu ek olarak
12 hafta süreyle haftada iki saat pilates egzersizleri yapmışlardır. Sporcular
egzersizlere başlamadan önce ön testler alınmış olup, on iki hafta sonunda son
testler alınmıştır. Her iki test esnasında toplanan verilerin tanımlayıcı
istatistikleri hesaplandıktan sonra, homojen veriler için T-test (paired),
homojen olmayan veriler için Wilcoxon testi kullanılmıştır. Tüm
istatistiklerdeki p anlamlılık değeri p≤0.05 olarak alınmıştır. Kontrol
gurubunda yer alan sporcuların kol hareket sürati, line drill, el kavrama kuvveti,
sağlık topu atma ve mekik koşusu testlerinde istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde
anlamlı fark gözlenirken, denge testi, otur eriş, omuz esneklik, durarak uzun
atlama, dikey sıçrama aktif, dikey sıçrama pasif, bükülü kol asılma, 30 s mekik
testlerinde anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Deney gurubunda yer alan
sporcuların biyomotor özelliklerinin ve teknik performanslarının tüm ön test
son test değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı
farklılıklar oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Deney ve kontrol guruplarında farklılık
gözlenen parametrelerdeki gelişme yüzdeleri karşılaştırıldığında deney gurubunda
daha yüksek oranda gelişme olduğu belirlenmiştir. Teknik performans değerlerine
bakıldığında deney ve kontrol gurubu verilerinin hepsinde istatistiksel olarak
pozitif yönde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, pilates mat
egzersizlerinin biyomotor özelliklere ve teknik performansa olumlu yönde etkisi
olduğu gözlenmiştir. Voleybolcularda pilates mat egzersizlerinin sporcuların
biyomotor özelliklerinin geliştirilmesinde yararlar sağlayacağı
düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Pilates Biyomotor Teknik Kuvvet Dayanıklılık Sürat Denge Esneklik Patlayıcı kuvvet süratte devamlılık
Kaynakça
- http://www.pilatesbaps.com/blog.php?blogId=1 (Son Erişim: 20. 07. 2016).
- https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilates (Son Erişim: 21.07.2016).
- https://www.statista.com/statistics/191616/participants-in-pilates-training-in-the-us-since-2006/ (Son Erişim: 01.12.2016).
- Emery K. De Serres SJ. McMillan A. Côté JN. The effects of a Pilates training program on arm-trunk posture and movement. Clinical Biomechanics, 2009; 25(2):124-130. Duncan JC, Pierson Z, Battersby G. Effect of pilates mat exercises and conventional exercise programmers on transversus abdominus and obliquus internus activity: Pilot randomized trial. Manuel Therapy, 2011; 16: 183-189
- Irez BG, Ozdemir RA, Evin R, Irez SG, Korkusuz F. Integrating pilates exercise into an exercise program for 65+ year-old women to reduce falls. J Sports Sci Med, 2009; 10(1): 105 - 111.
- Hall DW. The effect of Pilates-Based Training on Balance and Gait in an Elderly Population. Master Thesis. Sandiago: Sandiago State University Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences;1998.
- Segal NA, Hein J, Basford JR. The effects of pilates training on flexibility and body composition: An observational study, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2004; 85(12): 1977-1981.
- Rogers K, Gibson AL. Eight-Week Traditional Mat Pilates Training-Program Effects on Adult Fitness Characteristics. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2009; 80 (3): 596-574.
- Sekendiz B, Özkan A, Korkusuz F, Akın S. Effects of Pilates exercise on trunk strength, endurance and flexibility in sedentary adult females. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies,2007; 11(4): 318-326.
- Kloubec JA. Pilates for Improvement of Muscle Endurance Flexibility, Balance and Postur, PubMed, US. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. 2010; 24(3): 661-667 doi:10.1519/JS.Ob013e3181c277a6.
- Rhodes RE, Martin DA, Taunton JE, Rhodes EC, Donelly M,Elliot J. Factors associated with exercise adherence among older adults: an individual perspective. Sports Med. 1999; 28, 397-411.
- http://fitnessegitmeni.com/pilates-yoga/pilates-nedir-kimler-pilates-yapabilir/ (Son Erişim: 21.07.2016).
- Günay AR. 14-16 yaş erkek voleybolcuların fiziksel antropometrik ve motorik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Gazi Ünüversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara, Danışman:Prof. Dr. G. Kadir; 2013.
- http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11655/1624/88ac14e4-c4f0-4ea4-a6a7-ecd3786a495d. pdf?sequence=1 (Son Erişim: 29.07.2016).
- Eurofit, (1993), Eurofit Tests of Physical Fitness, 2nd Edition,Strasbourg.
- http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/shoulder-flex. htm (Son Erişim: 01.12.2016).
- Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández, Mark Glaister & Richard Anthony Lockey. The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performanc Journal of Sports Sciences. 2015; 33(15); 1574-1579.
- Sewright K, Martens DW, Axtell Facsm RS, Rinehardt, K. F. Effects of Six Weeks of Pilates Mat Training on Tennis Serve Velocity, Muscular Endurance, and Their Relationship in Collegiate Tennis Players. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2004; 36 (5): 167.
Examination of the effect of 12 weeks Pilates mat exercises on some biomotor characteristics and technical performance of 14-15 years old female volleyball students
Öz
The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of pilates mat
exercises on young volleyball students; strength, endurance, speed, explosive
force, speed continuity, balance and flexibility parameters and technical
performances. 30 female 14-15 years old volleyball players participated
voluntarily in this research. With random selection; 15 of the athletes are
participated in experiment group, 15 of the athletes are participated in
control group. The volleyball training days, training contents and hours of the
exercises were the same in experiment group and the control group, additionally
the experiment group had two pilates exercises per week and lasted twelve weeks
in total. Preliminary tests were taken
before the lessons started and after the lessons the final tests were taken.
During both tests, after the descriptive statistics of the collected data were
calculated, two sample paired t-test was used for homogenous data, Wilcoxon
Signed Rank Test was used for nonhomogeneous data. The p-significance value in
all statistics was taken as p≤0.05. In control group; there was a significant
difference in arm movement speed, line drill, hand grip strength, health ball
throwing and shuttle running tests but, there wasn't a significant difference
in balance test, seat access, shoulder flexibility, standing jumping, vertical
jumping active, vertical jumping passive, twisted arm 30 sn crunch tests. When we look at the experiment group, there
was a positive significant difference in biomotor characteristics and technical
performance tests. When we compared the final tests of the significant data of
the experiment and control groups, it was found that there was more relevance
in the experiment group as %. When the technical performance values were
examined, positive significant differences were found in all of the experiment
and control group data. In conclusion, pilates mat exercises were found to have
a positive effect on biomotor characteristics and technical performance. It can
be recommended that using pilates mat exercises are providing benefits in
improving the biomotor properties of volleyball players.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Pilates Biomotor Technique Force Endurance Speed Balance flexibility Continuity in Speed Explosive Force Performance
Kaynakça
- http://www.pilatesbaps.com/blog.php?blogId=1 (Son Erişim: 20. 07. 2016).
- https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilates (Son Erişim: 21.07.2016).
- https://www.statista.com/statistics/191616/participants-in-pilates-training-in-the-us-since-2006/ (Son Erişim: 01.12.2016).
- Emery K. De Serres SJ. McMillan A. Côté JN. The effects of a Pilates training program on arm-trunk posture and movement. Clinical Biomechanics, 2009; 25(2):124-130. Duncan JC, Pierson Z, Battersby G. Effect of pilates mat exercises and conventional exercise programmers on transversus abdominus and obliquus internus activity: Pilot randomized trial. Manuel Therapy, 2011; 16: 183-189
- Irez BG, Ozdemir RA, Evin R, Irez SG, Korkusuz F. Integrating pilates exercise into an exercise program for 65+ year-old women to reduce falls. J Sports Sci Med, 2009; 10(1): 105 - 111.
- Hall DW. The effect of Pilates-Based Training on Balance and Gait in an Elderly Population. Master Thesis. Sandiago: Sandiago State University Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences;1998.
- Segal NA, Hein J, Basford JR. The effects of pilates training on flexibility and body composition: An observational study, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2004; 85(12): 1977-1981.
- Rogers K, Gibson AL. Eight-Week Traditional Mat Pilates Training-Program Effects on Adult Fitness Characteristics. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2009; 80 (3): 596-574.
- Sekendiz B, Özkan A, Korkusuz F, Akın S. Effects of Pilates exercise on trunk strength, endurance and flexibility in sedentary adult females. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies,2007; 11(4): 318-326.
- Kloubec JA. Pilates for Improvement of Muscle Endurance Flexibility, Balance and Postur, PubMed, US. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. 2010; 24(3): 661-667 doi:10.1519/JS.Ob013e3181c277a6.
- Rhodes RE, Martin DA, Taunton JE, Rhodes EC, Donelly M,Elliot J. Factors associated with exercise adherence among older adults: an individual perspective. Sports Med. 1999; 28, 397-411.
- http://fitnessegitmeni.com/pilates-yoga/pilates-nedir-kimler-pilates-yapabilir/ (Son Erişim: 21.07.2016).
- Günay AR. 14-16 yaş erkek voleybolcuların fiziksel antropometrik ve motorik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Gazi Ünüversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara, Danışman:Prof. Dr. G. Kadir; 2013.
- http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11655/1624/88ac14e4-c4f0-4ea4-a6a7-ecd3786a495d. pdf?sequence=1 (Son Erişim: 29.07.2016).
- Eurofit, (1993), Eurofit Tests of Physical Fitness, 2nd Edition,Strasbourg.
- http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/shoulder-flex. htm (Son Erişim: 01.12.2016).
- Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández, Mark Glaister & Richard Anthony Lockey. The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performanc Journal of Sports Sciences. 2015; 33(15); 1574-1579.
- Sewright K, Martens DW, Axtell Facsm RS, Rinehardt, K. F. Effects of Six Weeks of Pilates Mat Training on Tennis Serve Velocity, Muscular Endurance, and Their Relationship in Collegiate Tennis Players. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2004; 36 (5): 167.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Mart 2018 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 8 Aralık 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 2 Ocak 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1 |
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