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SPORCULARDA MENTAL YORGUNLUK FARKINDALIK ÖLÇEĞİ (SMYFÖ): GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 53 - 69, 25.03.2024

Mehmet Kara Nuriye Şeyma Kara Mehmet Çağrı Çetin

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1372921

Öz

Bu çalışmada aktif sporcuların antrenman ya da müsabaka sonrası karşı karşıya kalabilecekleri mental yorgunluklarının ne derece farkında olduklarını saptamaya yönelik bir ölçme aracı geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Niteliksel adımlar kapsamında literatür incelemesi sonrası madde havuzu oluşturmak için uzmanlar ile odak grup görüşmeleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve alanında uzman 70 sporcuya kompozisyon yazdırılmıştır. Niceliksel adımlar kapsamında ise geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak oluşturulan 51 maddelik madde havuzu ve likert tipi seçimi için hazırlanan uzman değerlendirme formu, çevrimiçi olarak Lawshe tekniğine göre değerlendirilmek üzere 30 uzmana gönderilmiştir. Uzman dönütlerine göre 15 madde silinerek madde havuzu 36 maddeye indirgenmiş, likert tipi olarak ise 5’li yapı tercih edilmiştir. Deneme ölçek formu ile ulaşılan 916 gözlem (X̄yaş=20.52±6.15) için sayıltılar test edilerek AFA gerçekleştirilmiş ve 25 maddelik tek faktörlü yapı elde edilmiştir. Tekrar 613 sporcudan (X̄yaş=18.26±5.86) veri toplanmış, sayıltılar test edilerek Lisrel Programı ile DFA gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen tek faktöre ait standardize yük değerleri, maddelere ait ortak varyanslar, model uyum iyiliği değerleri ve maddelerin T değerleri incelenerek 25 maddeden oluşan tek faktörlü yapı, bir model olarak doğrulanmış ve model uyum indeksleri kabul edilebilir düzeye ulaşmıştır (χ2/sd= 1307.60/287=4.55; RMSEA=.079, NFI=.96; NNFI=.96, CFI=.96). Ölçeğe ait tek faktörde açıklanan varyans %52.486 ve cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı .96, AVE= .503 ve CR=.94 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar neticesinde ‘’Sporda Mental Yorgunluk Farkındalığı Ölçeği (SMYFÖ)’’ psikometrik özellikleri yüksek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olarak ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mental Yorgunluk Güvenirlik geçerlik sporcu

Kaynakça

  • Aaronson, L. S., Teel, C. S., Cassmeyer, V., Neuberger, G. B., Pallikkathayil, L., Pierce, J., ... & Wingate, A. (1999). Defining and measuring fatigue. Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 31(1), 45-50.
  • Aksu, G., Eser, M. T., & Güzeller, C. O. (2017). Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile yapısal eşitlik modeli uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Albayrak, A. S., Eroğlu, A., Kalaycı, Ş., Küçüksille, E., Ak, B., Karaatlı, M., & Sungur, O. (2005). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Editör: Şeref KALAYCI, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Arslan, S., & Oztunc, G. (2013). Validity and reliability of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Asthma Fatigue Scale. HEMAR-G, 1, 48-60.
  • Ayre, C., & Scally, A. J. (2014). Critical values for Lawshe’s content validity ratio: revisiting the original methods of calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(1), 79-86.
  • Bahrman, J. (2018). Unrecognized PTSD in Severe Mental Illness: Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes (Doctoral dissertation).
  • Bernstein, I. (2000, April). Some consequences of violating SEM’s assumptions. In annual meeting of Southwestern Psychological Association, Dallas, TX.
  • Boksem, M. A., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: costs and benefits. Brain Research Reviews, 59(1), 125-139.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32(32), 470-483.
  • Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2019). Novel insights of overtraining syndrome discovered from the EROS study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 5(1), e000542.
  • Can, A. (2018). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi. Atıf İndeksi, 001-429.
  • Chen, M.Y. (2014). Brain fog: The race for cripistemology. Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, 8(2), 171-184.
  • Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (2013). A first course in factor analysis. Psychology press.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (Vol. 2). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dağlı, A. (2015). Örgütsel muhalefet ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(53), 198-218.
  • De Vries, J., Michielsen, H. J., & Van Heck, G. L. (2003). Assessment of fatigue among working people: a comparison of six questionnaires. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 60(suppl 1), i10-i15.
  • Aras, D., Yiğit, S., Kayam, S., Arslan, E., & Akça, F. (2020). Bilişsel yorgunluğun Egzersiz ve spor performansina Etkileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 1-32.
  • Dictionary, O. E. (1989). Oxford english dictionary. Simpson, Ja & Weiner, Esc, 3.
  • Dorris, D. C., Power, D. A., & Kenefick, E. (2012). Investigating the effects of ego depletion on physical exercise routines of athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(2), 118-125.
  • Duncan, M. J., Fowler, N., George, O., Joyce, S., & Hankey, J. (2015). Mental fatigue negatively influences manual dexterity and anticipation timing but not repeated high-intensity exercise performance in trained adults. Research in Sports Medicine, 23(1), 1-13.
  • Ettleson, M. D., Raine, A., Batistuzzo, A., Batista, S. P., McAninch, E., Teixeira, M. C. T., & Bianco, A. C. (2022). Brain fog in hypothyroidism: Understanding the patient’s perspective. Endocrine Practice, 28(3), 257-264.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (Vol. 7, p. 429). New York: McGraw-hill.
  • Freudenberger, H. J. (1974). Staff burn‐out. Journal of Social Issues, 30(1), 159-165.
  • Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (2005). A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: Tutorial and annotated example. Communications of the Association for Information systems, 16(1), 5.
  • Gliner, J. A., Morgan, G. A., & Leech, N. L. (2015). Uygulamada araştırma yöntemleri: desen ve analizi bütünleştiren yaklaşım (Çev. Ed.: Selahattin Turan). Ankara: Nobel yayın dağıtım.
  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis New Jersey.
  • Hockey, G. R. J. (1997). Compensatory control in the regulation of human performance under stress and high workload: A cognitive-energetical framework. Biological Psychology, 45(1-3), 73-93.
  • Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. (2008, September). Evaluating model fit: a synthesis of the structural equation modelling literature. In 7th European Conference on Research Methodology For Business and Management Studies (Vol. 2008, pp. 195-200).
  • Horn, JL (1965). Faktör analizinde faktör sayısının gerekçesi ve testi. Psychometrika , 30 , 179-185.
  • Huang, C. C., Wang, Y. M., Wu, T. W., & Wang, P. A. (2013). An empirical analysis of the antecedents and performance consequences of using the moodle platform. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 3(2), 217.
  • Johansson, B., & Rönnbäck, L. (2014). Long-lasting mental fatigue after traumatic brain injury–a major problem most often neglected diagnostic criteria, assessment, relation to emotional and cognitive problems, cellular background, and aspects on treatment. In Traumatic brain injury. IntechOpen.
  • Johansson, B., Starmark, A., Berglund, P., Rödholm, M., & Rönnbäck, L. (2010). A self-assessment questionnaire for mental fatigue and related symptoms after neurological disorders and injuries. Brain Injury, 24(1), 2-12.
  • Kafes, A. Y. (2021). Depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları üzerine bir bakış. Humanistic Perspective, 3(1), 186-194.
  • Gök, K., Cengiz, G., Erol, K., & Özgöçmen, S. (2016). The Turkish version of multidimensional assessment of fatigue and fatigue severity scale is reproducible and correlated with other outcome measures in patients with systemic sclerosis. Archives of Rheumatology, 31(4), 329.
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Lenz, E. R. (2010). Measurement in nursing and health research. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lewis, G., & Wessely, S. (1992). The epidemiology of fatigue: more questions than answers. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 46(2), 92.
  • Maslach, C., & Inventory, J. (1986). Palo Alto. California. Consulting. Psychologists Press.(1981/1986).
  • Matthews, G., & Desmond, P. A. (2001). Stress and driving performance: Implications for design and training.
  • Meguro, K., Shimada, M., Yamaguchi, S., Ishizaki, J., Ishii, H., Shimada, Y., ... & Sekita, Y. (2001). Cognitive function and frontal lobe atrophy in normal elderly adults: implications for dementia not as aging‐related disorders and the reserve hypothesis. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 55(6), 565-572.
  • Meijman, T. F. (2000). The theory of the stop-emotion: On the functionality of fatigue. In 2nd International Conference on Ergonomics and Safety for Global Business Quality and Productivity (pp. 45-47). Cent Inst Labour Protect.
  • Mota, D. D., & Pimenta, C. A. (2006). Self-report instruments for fatigue assessment: A systematic review. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 20(1), 49-78.
  • Mozuraityte, K., Stanyte, A., Fineberg, N. A., Serretti, A., Gecaite-Stonciene, J., & Burkauskas, J. (2022). Mental fatigue in individuals with psychiatric disorders: a scoping review. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1-10.
  • Munro, BH (2005). Sağlık araştırmaları için istatistiksel yöntemler (Cilt 1). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. New York. NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Ownby, R. L., Crocco, E., Acevedo, A., John, V., & Loewenstein, D. (2006). Depression and risk for Alzheimer disease: systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(5), 530-538.
  • Özdamar, K. (2002). Paket programlar ile istatiksel veri analizi: SPSS-MINITAB (Çok değişkenli analizler). Ankara: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Ream, E., & Richardson, A. (1996). Fatigue: a concept analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 33(5), 519-529.
  • Ross, A. J., Medow, M. S., Rowe, P. C., & Stewart, J. M. (2013). What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome. Clinical Autonomic Research, 23, 305-311.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of psychological research online, 8(2), 23-74.
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MENTAL FATIGUE AWARENESS SCALE IN ATHLETES (MFASA): VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 53 - 69, 25.03.2024

Mehmet Kara Nuriye Şeyma Kara Mehmet Çağrı Çetin

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1372921

Öz

The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to determine the extent to which active athletes are aware of their mental fatigue that they may face after training or competition. Within the scope of qualitative steps, focus group interviews were conducted with experts to create an item pool after the literature review and 70 athletes who are experts in their field were asked to write essays. Within the scope of quantitative steps, validity and reliability analyses were conducted. First, the 51-item item pool and the expert evaluation form prepared for Likert-type selection were sent online to 30 experts to be evaluated according to the Lawshe technique. According to the expert feedback, 15 items were deleted and the item pool was reduced to 36 items, and a 5-point Likert scale was preferred. EFA was performed by testing the assumptions for 916 observations (X̄year=20.52±6.15) reached with the trial scale form, and a single-factor structure of 25 items was obtained. Data were collected again from 613 athletes (X̄years=18.26±5.86) and CFA was performed with Lisrel Program by testing the assumptions. By examining the standardized loading values of the single factor, common variances of the items, model goodness-of-fit values and T values of the items, the single-factor structure consisting of 25 items was confirmed as a model and the model fit indices reached an acceptable level (χ2/sd= 1307.60/287=4.55; RMSEA=.079, NFI=.96; NNFI=.96, CFI=.96). The variance explained in one factor of the scale was 52.486% and the cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as .96, AVE= .503 and CR=.94. As a result, "Mental Fatigue Awareness Scale in Sport (MAFS)" was found to be a valid and reliable scale with high psychometric properties.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mental Fatigue Reliability validity athlete

Kaynakça

  • Aaronson, L. S., Teel, C. S., Cassmeyer, V., Neuberger, G. B., Pallikkathayil, L., Pierce, J., ... & Wingate, A. (1999). Defining and measuring fatigue. Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 31(1), 45-50.
  • Aksu, G., Eser, M. T., & Güzeller, C. O. (2017). Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile yapısal eşitlik modeli uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Albayrak, A. S., Eroğlu, A., Kalaycı, Ş., Küçüksille, E., Ak, B., Karaatlı, M., & Sungur, O. (2005). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Editör: Şeref KALAYCI, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Arslan, S., & Oztunc, G. (2013). Validity and reliability of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Asthma Fatigue Scale. HEMAR-G, 1, 48-60.
  • Ayre, C., & Scally, A. J. (2014). Critical values for Lawshe’s content validity ratio: revisiting the original methods of calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(1), 79-86.
  • Bahrman, J. (2018). Unrecognized PTSD in Severe Mental Illness: Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes (Doctoral dissertation).
  • Bernstein, I. (2000, April). Some consequences of violating SEM’s assumptions. In annual meeting of Southwestern Psychological Association, Dallas, TX.
  • Boksem, M. A., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: costs and benefits. Brain Research Reviews, 59(1), 125-139.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32(32), 470-483.
  • Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2019). Novel insights of overtraining syndrome discovered from the EROS study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 5(1), e000542.
  • Can, A. (2018). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi. Atıf İndeksi, 001-429.
  • Chen, M.Y. (2014). Brain fog: The race for cripistemology. Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, 8(2), 171-184.
  • Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (2013). A first course in factor analysis. Psychology press.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (Vol. 2). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dağlı, A. (2015). Örgütsel muhalefet ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(53), 198-218.
  • De Vries, J., Michielsen, H. J., & Van Heck, G. L. (2003). Assessment of fatigue among working people: a comparison of six questionnaires. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 60(suppl 1), i10-i15.
  • Aras, D., Yiğit, S., Kayam, S., Arslan, E., & Akça, F. (2020). Bilişsel yorgunluğun Egzersiz ve spor performansina Etkileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 1-32.
  • Dictionary, O. E. (1989). Oxford english dictionary. Simpson, Ja & Weiner, Esc, 3.
  • Dorris, D. C., Power, D. A., & Kenefick, E. (2012). Investigating the effects of ego depletion on physical exercise routines of athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(2), 118-125.
  • Duncan, M. J., Fowler, N., George, O., Joyce, S., & Hankey, J. (2015). Mental fatigue negatively influences manual dexterity and anticipation timing but not repeated high-intensity exercise performance in trained adults. Research in Sports Medicine, 23(1), 1-13.
  • Ettleson, M. D., Raine, A., Batistuzzo, A., Batista, S. P., McAninch, E., Teixeira, M. C. T., & Bianco, A. C. (2022). Brain fog in hypothyroidism: Understanding the patient’s perspective. Endocrine Practice, 28(3), 257-264.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (Vol. 7, p. 429). New York: McGraw-hill.
  • Freudenberger, H. J. (1974). Staff burn‐out. Journal of Social Issues, 30(1), 159-165.
  • Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (2005). A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: Tutorial and annotated example. Communications of the Association for Information systems, 16(1), 5.
  • Gliner, J. A., Morgan, G. A., & Leech, N. L. (2015). Uygulamada araştırma yöntemleri: desen ve analizi bütünleştiren yaklaşım (Çev. Ed.: Selahattin Turan). Ankara: Nobel yayın dağıtım.
  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis New Jersey.
  • Hockey, G. R. J. (1997). Compensatory control in the regulation of human performance under stress and high workload: A cognitive-energetical framework. Biological Psychology, 45(1-3), 73-93.
  • Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. (2008, September). Evaluating model fit: a synthesis of the structural equation modelling literature. In 7th European Conference on Research Methodology For Business and Management Studies (Vol. 2008, pp. 195-200).
  • Horn, JL (1965). Faktör analizinde faktör sayısının gerekçesi ve testi. Psychometrika , 30 , 179-185.
  • Huang, C. C., Wang, Y. M., Wu, T. W., & Wang, P. A. (2013). An empirical analysis of the antecedents and performance consequences of using the moodle platform. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 3(2), 217.
  • Johansson, B., & Rönnbäck, L. (2014). Long-lasting mental fatigue after traumatic brain injury–a major problem most often neglected diagnostic criteria, assessment, relation to emotional and cognitive problems, cellular background, and aspects on treatment. In Traumatic brain injury. IntechOpen.
  • Johansson, B., Starmark, A., Berglund, P., Rödholm, M., & Rönnbäck, L. (2010). A self-assessment questionnaire for mental fatigue and related symptoms after neurological disorders and injuries. Brain Injury, 24(1), 2-12.
  • Kafes, A. Y. (2021). Depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları üzerine bir bakış. Humanistic Perspective, 3(1), 186-194.
  • Gök, K., Cengiz, G., Erol, K., & Özgöçmen, S. (2016). The Turkish version of multidimensional assessment of fatigue and fatigue severity scale is reproducible and correlated with other outcome measures in patients with systemic sclerosis. Archives of Rheumatology, 31(4), 329.
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Lenz, E. R. (2010). Measurement in nursing and health research. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lewis, G., & Wessely, S. (1992). The epidemiology of fatigue: more questions than answers. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 46(2), 92.
  • Maslach, C., & Inventory, J. (1986). Palo Alto. California. Consulting. Psychologists Press.(1981/1986).
  • Matthews, G., & Desmond, P. A. (2001). Stress and driving performance: Implications for design and training.
  • Meguro, K., Shimada, M., Yamaguchi, S., Ishizaki, J., Ishii, H., Shimada, Y., ... & Sekita, Y. (2001). Cognitive function and frontal lobe atrophy in normal elderly adults: implications for dementia not as aging‐related disorders and the reserve hypothesis. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 55(6), 565-572.
  • Meijman, T. F. (2000). The theory of the stop-emotion: On the functionality of fatigue. In 2nd International Conference on Ergonomics and Safety for Global Business Quality and Productivity (pp. 45-47). Cent Inst Labour Protect.
  • Mota, D. D., & Pimenta, C. A. (2006). Self-report instruments for fatigue assessment: A systematic review. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 20(1), 49-78.
  • Mozuraityte, K., Stanyte, A., Fineberg, N. A., Serretti, A., Gecaite-Stonciene, J., & Burkauskas, J. (2022). Mental fatigue in individuals with psychiatric disorders: a scoping review. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1-10.
  • Munro, BH (2005). Sağlık araştırmaları için istatistiksel yöntemler (Cilt 1). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. New York. NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Ownby, R. L., Crocco, E., Acevedo, A., John, V., & Loewenstein, D. (2006). Depression and risk for Alzheimer disease: systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(5), 530-538.
  • Özdamar, K. (2002). Paket programlar ile istatiksel veri analizi: SPSS-MINITAB (Çok değişkenli analizler). Ankara: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Ream, E., & Richardson, A. (1996). Fatigue: a concept analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 33(5), 519-529.
  • Ross, A. J., Medow, M. S., Rowe, P. C., & Stewart, J. M. (2013). What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome. Clinical Autonomic Research, 23, 305-311.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of psychological research online, 8(2), 23-74.
  • Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of educational research, 99(6), 323-338.
  • Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. psychology press.
  • Smith, M. R., Zeuwts, L., Lenoir, M., Hens, N., De Jong, L. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2016). Mental fatigue impairs soccer-specific decision-making skill. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(14), 1297-1304.
  • Sofroniou, N., & Hutcheson, G. D. (1999). The multivariate social scientist: Introductory statistics using generalized linear models. The Multivariate Social Scientist, 1-288.
  • Stapleton, C. D. (1997). Basic concepts and procedures of confirmatory factor analysis.
  • Stein, K. D., Jacobsen, P. B., Blanchard, C. M., & Thors, C. (2004). Further validation of the multidimensional fatigue symptom inventory-short form. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 27(1), 14-23.
  • Stevens, J. P. (2012). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Routledge.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazilari.
  • Şimşek, Ö. F. (2020). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ömer Faruk Şimşek.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık
  • Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach's alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53.
  • Türkçapar, H. (2004). Anksiyete bozukluğu ve depresyonun tanısal ilişkileri. Klinik Psikiyatri, 4, 12-16.
  • Van der Linden, D., & Eling, P. (2006). Mental fatigue disturbs local processing more than global processing. Psychological Research, 70, 395-402.
  • Veness, D., Patterson, S. D., Jeffries, O., & Waldron, M. (2017). The effects of mental fatigue on cricket-relevant performance among elite players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(24), 2461-2467.
  • Wilson, F. R., Pan, W., & Schumsky, D. A. (2012). Recalculation of the critical values for Lawshe’s content validity ratio. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 45(3), 197-210.
  • Winwood, P. C., Winefield, A. H., Dawson, D., & Lushington, K. (2005). Development and validation of a scale to measure work-related fatigue and recovery: the Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion/Recovery Scale (OFER). Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 594-606.
  • Yurtsever, S. (2000). The fatigue in chronic illnesses and nursing care. Cumhuriyet Univ J Nurs School, 4, 16-20
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mehmet Kara 0000-0001-9454-5164

Nuriye Şeyma Kara 0000-0003-0460-2263

Mehmet Çağrı Çetin 0000-0001-7667-2143

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kara, M., Kara, N. Ş., & Çetin, M. Ç. (2024). SPORCULARDA MENTAL YORGUNLUK FARKINDALIK ÖLÇEĞİ (SMYFÖ): GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1), 53-69. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1372921
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