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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 133 - 142, 30.09.2023

Ceyhun Birinci Seydi Ahmet Ağaoğlu Kürşat Acar Hakkı Mor Mustafa Can Eser Muhammet Cenk Birinci Fatih Karakaş Ahmet Mor

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1275461

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Amiri, M., Ghiasvand, R., Kaviani, M., Forbes, S. C., & Salehi-Abargouei, A. (2019). Chocolate milk for recovery from exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Eur J Clin Nutr, 73(6), 835-849.
  • Beaton, L. J., Allan, D. A., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Tiidus, P. M., & Phillips, S. M. (2002). Contraction-induced muscle damage is unaffected by vitamin E supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 34(5), 798-805.
  • Berardi, J. M., Price, T. B., Noreen, E. E., & Lemon, P. W. (2006). Postexercise muscle glycogen recovery enhanced with a carbohydrate-protein supplement. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 38(6), 1106-1113.
  • Burke, L. M., van Loon, L. J., & Hawley, J. A. (2017). Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. J Appl Physiol, 122, 1055–1067.
  • Casado, Á., Ramos, P., Rodríguez, J., Moreno, N., & Gil, P. (2015). Types and characteristics of drinking water for hydration in the elderly. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 55(12), 1633-1641.
  • Clapp, A. J., Bishop, P. A., Smith, J. F., & Mansfield, E. R. (2000). Effects of carbohydrate-electrolyte content of beverages on voluntary hydration in a simulated industrial environment. Am Indust Hygiene Assoc J, 61(5), 692-699.
  • Davison, G. W., McClean, C., Brown, J., Madigan, S., Gamble, D., Trinick, T., & Duly, E. (2008). The effects of ingesting a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage 15 minutes prior to high-intensity exercise performance. Res Sports Med, 16(3), 155-166.
  • El-Sayed, M. S., Rattu, A. J., & Roberts, I. (1995). Effects of carbohydrate feeding before and during prolonged exercise on subsequent maximal exercise performance capacity. Int J Sport Nutr, 5(3), 215-224.
  • Forte, G., Deiana, M., Pasella, S., Baralla, A., Occhineri, P., Mura, I., ... & Deiana, L. (2014). Metals in plasma of nonagenarians and centenarians living in a key area of longevity. Experimental gerontology, 60, 197-206.
  • Fragala, M. S., Bi, C., Chaump, M., Kaufman, H. W., & Kroll, M. H. (2017). Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values. PLoS One, 12(10), e0180840.
  • Gilgien, M., Reid, R., Raschner, C., Supej, M., & Holmberg, H. C. (2018). The training of Olympic alpine ski racers. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1772.
  • Gilson, S. F., Saunders, M. J., Moran, C. W., Moore, R. W., Womack, C. J., & Todd, M. K. (2010). Effects of chocolate milk consumption on markers of muscle recovery following soccer training: a randomized cross-over study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 1-10.
  • Giuliani, C., & Peri, A. (2014). Effects of hyponatremia on the brain. J Clin Med, 3(4), 1163-1177.
  • Gröber, U., Schmidt, J., & Kisters, K. (2015). Magnesium in prevention and therapy. Nutrients, 7(9), 8199-8226.
  • Holloszy, J. O., & Booth, F. W. (1976). Biochemical adaptations to endurance exercise in muscle. Annu Rev Physiol, 38(1), 273-291.
  • Ivy, J. L. (2001). Dietary strategies to promote glycogen synthesis after exercise. Can J Appl Physiol, 26(S1), S236-S245.
  • Ivy, J. L., Goforth Jr, H. W., Damon, B. M., McCauley, T. R., Parsons, E. C., & Price, T. B. (2002). Early postexercise muscle glycogen recovery is enhanced with a carbohydrate-protein supplement. J Appl Physiol, 93(4), 1337-1344.
  • Jeukendrup, A., Brouns, F. J. P. H., Wagenmakers, A. J. M., & Saris, W. H. M. (1997). Carbohydrate-electrolyte feedings improve 1 h time trial cycling performance. Int J SportsMmed, 18(02), 125-129.
  • Karp, J. R., Johnston, J. D., Tecklenburg, S., Mickleborough, T. D., Fly, A. D., & Stager, J. M. (2006). Chocolate milk as a post-exercise recovery aid. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 16(1), 78-91.
  • Kell, D. B. (2009). Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases. BMC Medical Genomics, 2(1), 1-79.
  • Keri Marshall, N. D. (2004). Therapeutic applications of whey protein. Altern Med Rev, 9(2), 136-156.
  • Kyriakides, T., Angelini, C., Schaefer, J., Sacconi, S., Siciliano, G., Vilchez, J. J., & Hilton‐Jones, D. (2010). EFNS guidelines on the diagnostic approach to pauci‐or asymptomatic hyperCKemia. Eur J Clin Nutr, 17(6), 767-773.
  • Lakka, T. A., Nyyssönen, K., & Salonen, J. T. (1994). Higher levels of conditioning leisure time physical activity are associated with reduced levels of stored iron in Finnish men. Am J Epidemiol, 140(2), 148-160.
  • Letkiewicz, S., Pilis, K., Ślęzak, A., Pilis, A., Pilis, W., Żychowska, M., & Langfort, J. (2020). Eight days of water-only fasting promotes favorable changes in the functioning of the urogenital system of middle-aged healthy men. Nutrients, 13(1), 113.
  • Lilleng, H., Abeler, K., Johnsen, S. H., Stensland, E., Løseth, S., Jorde, R., ... & Bekkelund, S. I. (2011). Variation of serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and prevalence of persistent hyperCKemia in a Norwegian normal population. The Tromsø Study. Neuromuscul Disord, 21(7), 494-500.
  • Lunn, W. R., Pasiakos, S. M., Colletto, M. R., Karfonta, K. E., Carbone, J. W., Anderson, J. M., & Rodriguez, N. R. (2012). Chocolate milk and endurance exercise recovery: protein balance, glycogen, and performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 44(4), 682-691.
  • McLean, E., Cogswell, M., Egli, I., Wojdyla, D., & De Benoist, B. (2009). Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public Health Nutr, 12(4), 444-454.
  • Papacosta, E., Nassis, G. P., & Gleeson, M. (2015). Effects of acute postexercise chocolate milk consumption during intensive judo training on the recovery of salivary hormones, salivary SIgA, mood state, muscle soreness, and judo-related performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Meta, 40(11), 1116-1122.
  • Potter, J. A., & Fuller, B. (2015). The effectiveness of chocolate milk as a post-climbing recovery aid. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 55(12), 1438-1444.
  • Pritchett, K., & Bishop, P. A. (2013). Cocoa for recovery. In R. R. Watson, V. R. Preedy & S. Zibadi (Eds.), Chocolate in Health and Nutrition (pp. 449-456). New York : Humana Press.
  • Pritchett, K., Bishop, P., Pritchett, R., Green, M., & Katica, C. (2009). Acute effects of chocolate milk and a commercial recovery beverage on postexercise recovery indices and endurance cycling performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Meta, 34(6), 1017-1022.
  • Quattrini, S., Pampaloni, B., & Brandi, M. L. (2016). Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab, 13(3), 173.
  • Rasouli, M. (2016). Basic concepts and practical equations on osmolality: biochemical approach. Clin Biochem, 49(12), 936-941.
  • Refardt, J., Imber, C., Sailer, C. O., Jeanloz, N., Potasso, L., Kutz, A., ... & Christ-Crain, M. (2020). A randomized trial of empagliflozin to increase plasma sodium levels in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. J Am Soc Nephrol, 31(3), 615-624.
  • Saunders, M. J., Kane, M. D., & Todd, M. K. (2004). Effects of a carbohydrate-protein beverage on cycling endurance and muscle damage. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 36(7), 1233-1238.
  • Saunders, M. J., Luden, N. D., & Herrick, J. E. (2007). Consumption of an oral carbohydrate-protein gel improves cycling endurance and prevents postexercise muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 678-684.
  • Seifert, J. G., Kipp, R. W., & Bacharach, D. W. (2012). The effects of a carbohydrate-protein gel supplement on alpine slalom ski performance. J Sports Sci Med, 11(3), 537.
  • Seifert, J. G., Kipp, R. W., Amann, M., & Gazal, O. (2005). Muscle damage, fluid ingestion, and energy supplementation during recreational alpine skiing. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 15(5), 528-536.
  • Shalan, N. A. A. M., Shari, N. A. I. M., Rahim, N. A., & Ahmad, H. (2019). Effect of post-exercise chocolate milk consumption on subsequent exercise performance and mood state. International Journal of Academic Research In Business and Social Sciences, 9(6), 451-461.
  • Shirreffs, S. M., & Maughan, R. J. (1998). Volume repletion after exercise-induced volume depletion in humans: replacement of water and sodium losses. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 274(5), F868-F875.
  • Shirreffs, S. M., Watson, P., & Maughan, R. J. (2007). Milk as an effective post-exercise rehydration drink. Br J Nutr 98(1), 173-180.
  • Skillen, R. A., Testa, M., Applegate, E. A., Heiden, E. A., Fascetti, A. J., & Casazza, G. A. (2008). Effects of an amino acid–carbohydrate drink on exercise performance after consecutive-day exercise bouts. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 18(5), 473-492.
  • Spaccarotella, K. J., & Andzel, W. D. (2011). The effects of low fat chocolate milk on postexercise recovery in collegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3456-3460.
  • Temesi, J., Johnson, N. A., Raymond, J., Burdon, C. A., & O'Connor, H. T. (2011). Carbohydrate ingestion during endurance exercise improves performance in adults. J Nutr, 141(5), 890-897.
  • Tesch, P. A. (1995). Aspects on muscle properties and use in competitive Alpine skiing. Med Sci Sports Exercse, 27(3), 310-314.
  • Thomas, K., Morris, P., & Stevenson, E. (2009). Improved endurance capacity following chocolate milk consumption compared with 2 commercially available sport drinks. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34(1), 78-82.
  • Warren, G. L., Lowe, D. A., & Armstrong, R. B. (1999). Measurement tools used in the study of eccentric contraction-induced injury. Sports Med, 27, 43-59.
  • Watson, P., Love, T. D., Maughan, R. J., & Shirreffs, S. M. (2008). A comparison of the effects of milk and a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink on the restoration of fluid balance and exercise capacity in a hot, humid environment. Eur J Appl Physiol, 104, 633-642.
  • Wong, S. H. S., & Chen, Y. (2011). Effect of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage, lemon tea, or water on rehydration during short-term recovery from exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Meta, 21(4), 300-310.
  • Zacharski, L. R., Chow, B. K., Howes, P. S., Shamayeva, G., Baron, J. A., Dalman, R. L., ... & Lavori, P. W. (2008). Decreased cancer risk after iron reduction in patients with peripheral arterial disease: results from a randomized trial. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 100(14), 996-1002.
  • Zimmermann, M. B., & Hurrell, R. F. (2007). Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet, 370(9586), 511-520.

Efficacy of chocolate milk in facilitating post-workout regeneration of young male skiers

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 133 - 142, 30.09.2023

Ceyhun Birinci Seydi Ahmet Ağaoğlu Kürşat Acar Hakkı Mor Mustafa Can Eser Muhammet Cenk Birinci Fatih Karakaş Ahmet Mor

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1275461

Öz

The use of nutritional strategies has become more widespread in recent years. This study investigates the effect of chocolate milk (CM) consumption on the recovery rate of elite male adolescent alpine skiers after intense training. Twelve male elite alpine skiers aged 13-16 years were randomly divided into two groups: chocolate milk (CM; n = 6) and placebo (PLA; n = 6). After exercise, the CM group was given 400 ml (200+200) of chocolate milk, and the PLA group took water (placebo) in the same regimen. Venous blood samples were taken before and 12 hours after drinking the fluids to determine the activity of selected enzymes, insulin, testosterone, glucose, and some minerals. It was observed that in the CM group, serum AST (Pre: 110.33±126.62 U/L vs. Post: 83.17±100.42 U/L) and CK (Pre: 2393.12±2542.22 U/L vs. Post: 1556.33±1401.45 U/L) activity, as well as testosterone (Pre: 21.12±3.59 ng/mL vs. Post: 15.19±4.96 ng/mL; p=0.028) and iron (Pre: 163.00±14.76 µg/dL vs. Post: 109.00±23.91 µg/dL; p=0.028), decreased significantly, but potassium (Pre: 4.38±0.16 mmol/L vs. Post: 4.64±0.09 mmol/L) and magnesium (Pre: 1.82±0.09 mg/dL vs. Post: 2.07±0.04 mg/dL) levels increased after supplementation compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). After taking into account the changes that occurred in the PLA group and significant differences in some variables in terms of between-group comparisons, it was found that the decrease in AST and CK activity, along with the presence of positive ionic changes in the serum after CM supplementation indicates a reduction in negative changes after training and improving the process of post-training regeneration in young male athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chocolate milk exercise physiology recovery ski sports drinks sports nutrition

Kaynakça

  • Amiri, M., Ghiasvand, R., Kaviani, M., Forbes, S. C., & Salehi-Abargouei, A. (2019). Chocolate milk for recovery from exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Eur J Clin Nutr, 73(6), 835-849.
  • Beaton, L. J., Allan, D. A., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Tiidus, P. M., & Phillips, S. M. (2002). Contraction-induced muscle damage is unaffected by vitamin E supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 34(5), 798-805.
  • Berardi, J. M., Price, T. B., Noreen, E. E., & Lemon, P. W. (2006). Postexercise muscle glycogen recovery enhanced with a carbohydrate-protein supplement. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 38(6), 1106-1113.
  • Burke, L. M., van Loon, L. J., & Hawley, J. A. (2017). Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. J Appl Physiol, 122, 1055–1067.
  • Casado, Á., Ramos, P., Rodríguez, J., Moreno, N., & Gil, P. (2015). Types and characteristics of drinking water for hydration in the elderly. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 55(12), 1633-1641.
  • Clapp, A. J., Bishop, P. A., Smith, J. F., & Mansfield, E. R. (2000). Effects of carbohydrate-electrolyte content of beverages on voluntary hydration in a simulated industrial environment. Am Indust Hygiene Assoc J, 61(5), 692-699.
  • Davison, G. W., McClean, C., Brown, J., Madigan, S., Gamble, D., Trinick, T., & Duly, E. (2008). The effects of ingesting a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage 15 minutes prior to high-intensity exercise performance. Res Sports Med, 16(3), 155-166.
  • El-Sayed, M. S., Rattu, A. J., & Roberts, I. (1995). Effects of carbohydrate feeding before and during prolonged exercise on subsequent maximal exercise performance capacity. Int J Sport Nutr, 5(3), 215-224.
  • Forte, G., Deiana, M., Pasella, S., Baralla, A., Occhineri, P., Mura, I., ... & Deiana, L. (2014). Metals in plasma of nonagenarians and centenarians living in a key area of longevity. Experimental gerontology, 60, 197-206.
  • Fragala, M. S., Bi, C., Chaump, M., Kaufman, H. W., & Kroll, M. H. (2017). Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values. PLoS One, 12(10), e0180840.
  • Gilgien, M., Reid, R., Raschner, C., Supej, M., & Holmberg, H. C. (2018). The training of Olympic alpine ski racers. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1772.
  • Gilson, S. F., Saunders, M. J., Moran, C. W., Moore, R. W., Womack, C. J., & Todd, M. K. (2010). Effects of chocolate milk consumption on markers of muscle recovery following soccer training: a randomized cross-over study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 1-10.
  • Giuliani, C., & Peri, A. (2014). Effects of hyponatremia on the brain. J Clin Med, 3(4), 1163-1177.
  • Gröber, U., Schmidt, J., & Kisters, K. (2015). Magnesium in prevention and therapy. Nutrients, 7(9), 8199-8226.
  • Holloszy, J. O., & Booth, F. W. (1976). Biochemical adaptations to endurance exercise in muscle. Annu Rev Physiol, 38(1), 273-291.
  • Ivy, J. L. (2001). Dietary strategies to promote glycogen synthesis after exercise. Can J Appl Physiol, 26(S1), S236-S245.
  • Ivy, J. L., Goforth Jr, H. W., Damon, B. M., McCauley, T. R., Parsons, E. C., & Price, T. B. (2002). Early postexercise muscle glycogen recovery is enhanced with a carbohydrate-protein supplement. J Appl Physiol, 93(4), 1337-1344.
  • Jeukendrup, A., Brouns, F. J. P. H., Wagenmakers, A. J. M., & Saris, W. H. M. (1997). Carbohydrate-electrolyte feedings improve 1 h time trial cycling performance. Int J SportsMmed, 18(02), 125-129.
  • Karp, J. R., Johnston, J. D., Tecklenburg, S., Mickleborough, T. D., Fly, A. D., & Stager, J. M. (2006). Chocolate milk as a post-exercise recovery aid. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 16(1), 78-91.
  • Kell, D. B. (2009). Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases. BMC Medical Genomics, 2(1), 1-79.
  • Keri Marshall, N. D. (2004). Therapeutic applications of whey protein. Altern Med Rev, 9(2), 136-156.
  • Kyriakides, T., Angelini, C., Schaefer, J., Sacconi, S., Siciliano, G., Vilchez, J. J., & Hilton‐Jones, D. (2010). EFNS guidelines on the diagnostic approach to pauci‐or asymptomatic hyperCKemia. Eur J Clin Nutr, 17(6), 767-773.
  • Lakka, T. A., Nyyssönen, K., & Salonen, J. T. (1994). Higher levels of conditioning leisure time physical activity are associated with reduced levels of stored iron in Finnish men. Am J Epidemiol, 140(2), 148-160.
  • Letkiewicz, S., Pilis, K., Ślęzak, A., Pilis, A., Pilis, W., Żychowska, M., & Langfort, J. (2020). Eight days of water-only fasting promotes favorable changes in the functioning of the urogenital system of middle-aged healthy men. Nutrients, 13(1), 113.
  • Lilleng, H., Abeler, K., Johnsen, S. H., Stensland, E., Løseth, S., Jorde, R., ... & Bekkelund, S. I. (2011). Variation of serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and prevalence of persistent hyperCKemia in a Norwegian normal population. The Tromsø Study. Neuromuscul Disord, 21(7), 494-500.
  • Lunn, W. R., Pasiakos, S. M., Colletto, M. R., Karfonta, K. E., Carbone, J. W., Anderson, J. M., & Rodriguez, N. R. (2012). Chocolate milk and endurance exercise recovery: protein balance, glycogen, and performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 44(4), 682-691.
  • McLean, E., Cogswell, M., Egli, I., Wojdyla, D., & De Benoist, B. (2009). Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public Health Nutr, 12(4), 444-454.
  • Papacosta, E., Nassis, G. P., & Gleeson, M. (2015). Effects of acute postexercise chocolate milk consumption during intensive judo training on the recovery of salivary hormones, salivary SIgA, mood state, muscle soreness, and judo-related performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Meta, 40(11), 1116-1122.
  • Potter, J. A., & Fuller, B. (2015). The effectiveness of chocolate milk as a post-climbing recovery aid. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 55(12), 1438-1444.
  • Pritchett, K., & Bishop, P. A. (2013). Cocoa for recovery. In R. R. Watson, V. R. Preedy & S. Zibadi (Eds.), Chocolate in Health and Nutrition (pp. 449-456). New York : Humana Press.
  • Pritchett, K., Bishop, P., Pritchett, R., Green, M., & Katica, C. (2009). Acute effects of chocolate milk and a commercial recovery beverage on postexercise recovery indices and endurance cycling performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Meta, 34(6), 1017-1022.
  • Quattrini, S., Pampaloni, B., & Brandi, M. L. (2016). Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab, 13(3), 173.
  • Rasouli, M. (2016). Basic concepts and practical equations on osmolality: biochemical approach. Clin Biochem, 49(12), 936-941.
  • Refardt, J., Imber, C., Sailer, C. O., Jeanloz, N., Potasso, L., Kutz, A., ... & Christ-Crain, M. (2020). A randomized trial of empagliflozin to increase plasma sodium levels in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. J Am Soc Nephrol, 31(3), 615-624.
  • Saunders, M. J., Kane, M. D., & Todd, M. K. (2004). Effects of a carbohydrate-protein beverage on cycling endurance and muscle damage. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 36(7), 1233-1238.
  • Saunders, M. J., Luden, N. D., & Herrick, J. E. (2007). Consumption of an oral carbohydrate-protein gel improves cycling endurance and prevents postexercise muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 678-684.
  • Seifert, J. G., Kipp, R. W., & Bacharach, D. W. (2012). The effects of a carbohydrate-protein gel supplement on alpine slalom ski performance. J Sports Sci Med, 11(3), 537.
  • Seifert, J. G., Kipp, R. W., Amann, M., & Gazal, O. (2005). Muscle damage, fluid ingestion, and energy supplementation during recreational alpine skiing. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 15(5), 528-536.
  • Shalan, N. A. A. M., Shari, N. A. I. M., Rahim, N. A., & Ahmad, H. (2019). Effect of post-exercise chocolate milk consumption on subsequent exercise performance and mood state. International Journal of Academic Research In Business and Social Sciences, 9(6), 451-461.
  • Shirreffs, S. M., & Maughan, R. J. (1998). Volume repletion after exercise-induced volume depletion in humans: replacement of water and sodium losses. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 274(5), F868-F875.
  • Shirreffs, S. M., Watson, P., & Maughan, R. J. (2007). Milk as an effective post-exercise rehydration drink. Br J Nutr 98(1), 173-180.
  • Skillen, R. A., Testa, M., Applegate, E. A., Heiden, E. A., Fascetti, A. J., & Casazza, G. A. (2008). Effects of an amino acid–carbohydrate drink on exercise performance after consecutive-day exercise bouts. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 18(5), 473-492.
  • Spaccarotella, K. J., & Andzel, W. D. (2011). The effects of low fat chocolate milk on postexercise recovery in collegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3456-3460.
  • Temesi, J., Johnson, N. A., Raymond, J., Burdon, C. A., & O'Connor, H. T. (2011). Carbohydrate ingestion during endurance exercise improves performance in adults. J Nutr, 141(5), 890-897.
  • Tesch, P. A. (1995). Aspects on muscle properties and use in competitive Alpine skiing. Med Sci Sports Exercse, 27(3), 310-314.
  • Thomas, K., Morris, P., & Stevenson, E. (2009). Improved endurance capacity following chocolate milk consumption compared with 2 commercially available sport drinks. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34(1), 78-82.
  • Warren, G. L., Lowe, D. A., & Armstrong, R. B. (1999). Measurement tools used in the study of eccentric contraction-induced injury. Sports Med, 27, 43-59.
  • Watson, P., Love, T. D., Maughan, R. J., & Shirreffs, S. M. (2008). A comparison of the effects of milk and a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink on the restoration of fluid balance and exercise capacity in a hot, humid environment. Eur J Appl Physiol, 104, 633-642.
  • Wong, S. H. S., & Chen, Y. (2011). Effect of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage, lemon tea, or water on rehydration during short-term recovery from exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Meta, 21(4), 300-310.
  • Zacharski, L. R., Chow, B. K., Howes, P. S., Shamayeva, G., Baron, J. A., Dalman, R. L., ... & Lavori, P. W. (2008). Decreased cancer risk after iron reduction in patients with peripheral arterial disease: results from a randomized trial. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 100(14), 996-1002.
  • Zimmermann, M. B., & Hurrell, R. F. (2007). Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet, 370(9586), 511-520.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor ve Egzersiz Beslenmesi
Bölüm Original Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ceyhun Birinci 0000-0002-7258-1217

Seydi Ahmet Ağaoğlu 0000-0001-8578-3355

Kürşat Acar 0000-0001-8908-4404

Hakkı Mor 0000-0003-0810-1909

Mustafa Can Eser 0000-0003-1771-861X

Muhammet Cenk Birinci 0000-0002-0309-8256

Fatih Karakaş 0000-0002-3366-7587

Ahmet Mor 0000-0002-1181-1111

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Nisan 2023
Kabul Tarihi 6 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Birinci, C., Ağaoğlu, S. A., Acar, K., Mor, H., vd. (2023). Efficacy of chocolate milk in facilitating post-workout regeneration of young male skiers. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 9(3), 133-142. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1275461
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